PURPOSE This study was to explore the relationship between clinical performance examination (CPX) achievement and epistemological beliefs to investigate the potentials of epistemological beliefs in ill-structured medical problem solving tasks. METHODS We administered the epistemological beliefs questionnaire (EBQ) to fourth-year medical students and correlated the results with their CPX score...

Some philosophers have replied to Leibniz’s “shift” argument against the reality of absolute space by appealing to anti-haecceitist doctrines about possible worlds, influenced especially by David Lewis’s counterpart theory. But separated from Lewis’s distinctive views about what possible worlds are, it is difficult to understand what those doctrines really amount to, and why they are relevant t...

BACKGROUND Previous research has shown that sophisticated epistemological beliefs exert a positive influence on students' learning strategies and learning outcomes. This gives a clear educational relevance to studies on the development of methods for promoting a change in epistemological beliefs and making them more sophisticated. AIMS To investigate the potential for influencing domain-speci...

the most accurate contracts may also be involved in ambiguity, and interpretation is trying to understand the legal concept. insurance contract are counted as accession contracts in which the insured has no thorough understanding of the terms. because of parties inequality in insurance contracts, they fall into a different category from the interpretation perspective and demand protective inter...

PRESENTISM AND ONTOLOGICAL SYMMETRY Joseph Diekemper Introduction Presentism tells us that since only the present exists, the past and future are equally unreal. But presentism is also motivated, just as any A-Theory of time is, by the common sense intuition that the past is fixed and the future not. It is, in part, this belief in a robust asymmetry of fixity that makes the A-Theory distinctive...