‎in this paper we defined the vertex removable cycle in respect of the following‎, ‎if $f$ is a class of graphs(digraphs)‎ ‎satisfying certain property‎, ‎$g in f $‎, ‎the cycle $c$ in $g$ is called vertex removable if $g-v(c)in in f $.‎ ‎the vertex removable cycles of eulerian graphs are studied‎. ‎we also characterize the edge removable cycles of regular‎ ‎graphs(digraphs).‎

the tenacity of a graph g, t(g), is de ned by t(g) = min{[|s|+τ(g-s)]/[ω(g-s)]}, where the minimum is taken over all vertex cutsets s of g. we de ne τ(g - s) to be the number of the vertices in the largest component of the graph g - s, and ω(g - s) be the number of components of g - s.in this paper a lower bound for the tenacity t(g) of a graph with genus γ(g) is obtained using the graph's...

in a graph g = (v,e), a subset s  v is said to be an open packing set if no two vertices of s have a common neighbour in g. the maximum cardinality of an open packing set is called the open packing number and is denoted by rho^o. this paper further studies on this parameter by obtaining some new bounds.

we find recursive formulae for the number of perfect matchings in a graph g by splitting g into subgraphs h and q. we use these formulas to count perfect matching of p hypercube qn. we also apply our formulas to prove that the number of perfect matching in an edge-transitive graph is , where denotes the number of perfect matchings in g, is the graph constructed from by deleting edges with an en...

Solvable Graphs (also known as Reachable Graphs) are types of graphs that any arrangement of a specified number of agents located on the graph’s vertices can be reached from any initial arrangement through agents’ moves along the graph’s edges, while avoiding deadlocks (interceptions). In this paper, the properties of Solvable Graphs are investigated, and a new concept in multi agent moti...

in this paper, we introduce the notions of product vague graph, balanced product vague graph, irregularity and total irregularity of any irregular vague graphs and some results are presented. also, density and balanced irregular vague graphs are discussed and some of their properties are established. finally we give an application of vague digraphs.

‎in this paper we give a characterization of unmixed tripartite‎ ‎graphs under certain conditions which is a generalization of a‎ ‎result of villarreal on bipartite graphs‎. ‎for bipartite graphs two‎ ‎different characterizations were given by ravindra and villarreal‎. ‎we show that these two characterizations imply each other‎.

‎In this paper we defined the vertex removable cycle in respect of the following‎, ‎if $F$ is a class of graphs(digraphs)‎ ‎satisfying certain property‎, ‎$G in F $‎, ‎the cycle $C$ in $G$ is called vertex removable if $G-V(C)in in F $.‎ ‎The vertex removable cycles of eulerian graphs are studied‎. ‎We also characterize the edge removable cycles of regular‎ ‎graphs(digraphs).‎    

let g be a simple connected graph and {v1, v2, …, vk} be the set of pendent (vertices ofdegree one) vertices of g. the reduced distance matrix of g is a square matrix whose (i,j)–entry is the topological distance between vi and vj of g. in this paper, we obtain the spectrumof the reduced distance matrix of thorn graph of g, a graph which obtained by attaching somenew vertices to pendent vertice...

the unitary cayley graph xn has vertex set zn = {0, 1,…, n-1} and vertices u and v areadjacent, if gcd(uv, n) = 1. in [a. ilić, the energy of unitary cayley graphs, linear algebraappl. 431 (2009) 1881–1889], the energy of unitary cayley graphs is computed. in this paperthe wiener and hyperwiener index of xn is computed.