Abstract In this work, the role of a time-varying Newton constant under scale-dependent approach is investigated in thermodynamics Friedman equations. particular, we show that extended equations can be derived either from equilibrium when non-matter energy momentum tensor interpreted as fluid or non-equilibrium an entropy production term, which depends on constant, included. Finally, comparison...

      Simulation of metallurgical processes has been the subject of intense research due to the reduced number of experiments required for controlling the process as well as time and energy savings it allows. In gas carburizing of steel parts, the amount of carbon at the surface of carburized parts is the most important specification of the process in terms of achieving the desired metallurgica...

Equilibrium condition is attained when the concentration of the solute remains constant, as a result of zero net transfer of solute sorbed and desorbed from sorbent surface. The equili‐ brium sorption isotherms describe these relationships between the equilibrium concentra‐ tion of the sorbate in the solid and liquid phase at constant temperature. Experimental data may provide different isother...

An ion imprinted polymer (IIP) based on aniline-formaldehyde was synthesized and then modified with extra aniline as cross-linker in the presence and absence of Sr (II) as the template to produce ion imprinted poly(aniline-formaldehyde) (IIPAF) and non imprinted poly(aniline-formaldehyde) (NIPAF). The sorbent was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and was used for solid ph...

The interaction between benzo-15-crown-5 (B15C5), dibenzo-18-crown-6 (DB18C6), dibenzyl-daza-18crown-6 (DBzDA18C6), N-phenyl-aza-15-crown-5 (NPhA15C5) and dibenzopyridine-18-crown-6 (DBPy18C6) with π-acceptor 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyanobenzoquinone (DDQ) in chloroform solution was studied spectrophotometrically. The interaction of B15C5-DDQ and DB18C6-DDQ caused the formation...

The interactions between an anionic dye, Acid Green 25 AG and the two cationic surfactants tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide TTAB, and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide CTAB in aqueous solutions far below the CMC are studied using the conductometric method at different temperature. The equilibrium constants and other thermodynamic functions for the process of dye-surfactant ion pair formatio...

In this paper, a five–dimensional mathematical model is proposed for the transmission dynamics of HIV/AIDS within a population of varying size. In writing the model, we have divided the population under consideration into five sub classes of susceptible, infective, pre-AIDS, AIDS related complex and that of AIDS patients. The model has two non- negative equilibria namely, a disease free and the...

Chemical and other species reaction theories involving thermodynamical equilibrium states characterized by a temperature parameter invariably utilize statistical mechanical equilibrium density distributions. Here, a definition of heat-work transformation termed thermo mechanical coherence is first made, and it is conjectured that most molecular bonds have the above heat-work transformation prop...

function is a function which estimates what resulting value Two-person, perfect information, constant sum games have been studied in Artificial Intelligence. This paper opens up the issue of playing n-person games and proposes a procedure for constant sum or non-constant sum games. It is proved that a procedure, max”, locates an equilibrium point given the entire game tree. The minimax procedur...