In this paper, the effect of autofrettage process parameters on the ultimate pressure that functionally graded spherical vessel can tolerate are investigated. FGM properties and autofrettage pressure are considered as important parameters. Assumptions are variation of properties of FGM in radial direction, the residual stress in the absence of Bauschinger effect with the operation of variable m...

Abstract: In order to solve chattering problem of conventional sliding mode observer (SMO), this paper proposes a exponential reaching law sliding mode observer (ERL-SMO) for a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) which substitutes exponential reaching law for constant reaching law. The ERL-SMO estimates the rotor position and the angular velocity from the back electromotive force (EMF) ba...

We consider exponential functionals of a multi-dimensional Brownian motion with drift, defined via a collection of linear functionals. We give a characterisation of the Laplace transform of their joint law as the unique bounded solution, up to a constant factor, to a Schrödinger-type partial differential equation. We derive a similar equation for the probability density. We then characterise al...

Data are presented showing that the course of decline of egg production with age in the domestic fowl from the time laying begins up to and including 8 years follows an exponential law, that is, each year's egg production is a constant percentage of the preceding year's production (88 per cent in the group of fowl studied). Since the exponential law is the same as the law of monomolecular chang...

INTRODUCTION This study was carried out to (i) provide the methodology for determining left atrial (LA) volume, emptying fraction and ejection force (LAEF), from real-time 3-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE), and (ii) evaluate the effects of age and gender on LA volume and LAEF in a wide age range of healthy participants. MATERIALS AND METHODS RT3DE was performed in 102 healthy participant...

Characteristics of relaxed density profile and conformation of polymer chains are studied by a Monte Carlo simulation on a discrete lattice in three dimensions using different segmental (kink-jump K, crank-shaft C, reptation R) dynamics. Three distinct density regimes, substrate, bulk, and interface, are identified. With the KC segmental dynamics we find that the substrate coverage grows with a...

Characteristics of relaxed density profile and conformation of polymer chains are studied by a Monte Carlo simulation on a discrete lattice in three dimensions using different segmental (kink-jump K, crank-shaft C, reptation R) dynamics. Three distinct density regimes, substrate, bulk, and interface, are identified. With the KC segmental dynamics we find that the substrate coverage grows with a...

Stress analysis of functionally graded composite plates composed of ceramic, functionally graded material and metal layers is investigated using 3-D finite element method. In FGM layer, material properties are assumed to be varied continuously in the thickness direction according to a simple power law distribution in terms of the volume fraction of a ceramic and metal. The 3-D finite element mo...