The learners’ ability to write a well-organized argumentative essay has gained prominence within the last decades. The multiple intelligences play a significant role in enhancing the precision of both language and thought during the writing process. The current study aimed at investigating the possible relationship between linguistic and logical intelligences and the frequency of informal falla...

" The network is reliable " tops Peter Deutsch's classic list, " Eight fallacies of distributed computing "

this essay evaluates the major methodological trends in research at the iranian academic educational journals based on scott’s methodological criticism. therefore, the present study sought to examine a small part of iranian educational research in the context of scott's taxonomy, including nine major fallacies: epistemic, homogeneity, causal, essentialist, value free knowledge, prospective, red...

Objective: Gambling fallacies are believed to be etiologically related to the development of problem gambling. However, this evidence is tenuous due to the lack of consensus on which things constitute gambling fallacies and the adequacy of instruments that ostensibly measure them. The purpose of this paper is to comprehensively identify the main gambling fallacies and examine the reliability an...

Research in cognitive science has found that subjects regularly exhibit a conjunction fallacy in probability reasoning. Additionally, recent research has led to the finding of other fallacies in probability reasoning, including disjunction and conditional fallacies. Such analyzes of judgments are critical because of the substantial amount of probability judgment done in business organizational ...

What should a virtue theory of argumentation say about fallacious reasoning? If good arguments are virtuous, then fallacies are vicious. Yet fallacies cannot just be identified with vices, since vices are dispositional properties of agents whereas fallacies are types of argument. Rather, if the normativity of good argumentation is explicable in terms of virtues, we should expect the wrongness o...

Bayesian logic provides a rational model of probability judgments deviating from the standard extensional norm of extensional probability. It formalizes the general idea of an inductive pattern logic that may resolve paradoxes of inclusion. Bayesian logic predicts that it should be possible to generalize the phenomenon of frequency-based logical conjunction fallacies to a system of logical incl...

In addition to traditional fallacies such as ad hominem, discussions of risk contain logical and argumentative fallacies that are specific to the subject-matter. Ten such fallacies are identified, that can commonly be found in public debates on risk. They are named as follows: the sheer size fallacy, the converse sheer size fallacy, the fallacy of naturalness, the ostrich's fallacy, the proof-s...

Safety cases are gaining acceptance as assurance vehicles for safety-related systems. A safety case documents the evidence and argument that a system is safe to operate; however, logical fallacies in the underlying argument might undermine a system’s safety claims. Removing these fallacies is essential to reduce the risk of safety-related system failure. We present a taxonomy of common fallacie...

Fallacies of relevance, a major category of informal fallacies, include two that could be called pure fallacies of relevance –wrong conclusion (ignoratio elenchi, wrong conclusion, missing the point) and red herring (digression, diversion). The problem is how to classify examples of these fallacies so that they clearly fall into the one category or the other, on some rational system of classifi...