The effect of felling on stream nitrate, ammonium and soluble reactive phosphate (SRP) concentrations is examined for acidic and acid sensitive Sitka Spruce afforested catchments with podzolic and gley soils in mid-Wales. For the streams draining the felled podzolic areas, the concentrations of nitrate can be up to an order of magnitude higher than pre-fell values and post-fell concentrations c...

Nacrtak Motor-manual tree felling is the most labor-intensive component of all harvesting operations and frequently represents a bottleneck in wood production. The study of motor-manual tree felling was carried out in two compartments in the Namkhaneh district of Kheyrud Forest. The objects of this study were as follows: time study of tree felling operations, estimate of chainsaw productivity a...

The hypothesis that habitat restoration will provide for community reestablishment and the creation of habitat heterogeneity was examined with regards to the herpetofauna of longleaf pine sandhills in northwest Florida. The herpetofaunal response to restoration was examined in fire-suppressed, hardwood-dominated areas treated with (1) spring fire; (2) felling or girdling; or (3) a granular form...

economic and environmental logging is important for sustainable wood production in the caspian forests, north of iran. predetermination of the skid trail network and directional felling is a usual recommended method to reduce logging impact. the aim of this study was evaluation of directional felling and finding factors effective on felling error. totally 135 trees were selected randomly for di...

Different variants of regeneration felling or different light conditions (total site factor 15–95%) and weed control were evaluated in relation to the 4-year development of individuals of regenerated sessile oak. The regeneration density is not dependent on light conditions. The highest mortality occurs on the open area of clear felling. For a certain time in youth, it is possible to consider o...

Economic and environmental logging is important for sustainable wood production in the Caspian forests, north of Iran. Predetermination of the skid trail network and directional felling is a usual recommended method to reduce logging impact. The aim of this study was evaluation of directional felling and finding factors effective on felling error. Totally 135 trees were selected randomly for di...

More than 30 years ago, Decree 15/1989 (X. 8.) on the issue of Forest Safety Regulations (hereinafter referred to as "FSR") was issued. This is result amendments Labour - MT 64/1980 (XII. 29.), 18/1984 (III. 31.), 12/1985 14.), 4/1987 (II. 9.) and 63/1989 (VI. 30. MT, amended by No 47/1979 (XI. 30.) established in consultation with ministers concerned, Head National Inspectorate, Council Produc...

Sixteen stands were harvested by either clearcut, shelterwood, group selection, or singletree selection methods. Three of the stands had uneven-aged structure. The other 13 were typical, matrJre, even-aged stands. Hmest intensity @roportion of basal area removed) ranged from 0.27 to 1 .@I. Hanrestcd sites were similar in slope, average diameter at breast height (DBH), and pre-harvest diamcte.r ...

Old trees of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws.) and lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia Engelm.) were studied to determine volume growth patterns in relation to leaf area. Ponderosa pine trees varied in age from 166 to 432 years and were about 77 cm in diameter; lodgepole pine trees varied in age from 250 to 296 years and were about 31 cm in diameter. With the exception ...

As part of the multidisciplinary National Fire and Fire Surrogate study, we used drift fences with pitfall traps from May to September 2003 and 2004 to determine how three fuel reduction techniques affected shrews in the Southern Appalachian Mountains of North Carolina. Grounddwelling macroarthropods also were collected from a subset of pitfall traps to assess relative prey availability among t...