the sustainability of farming system (sofs) is considered to be an important principle in a broad concept of sustainable agriculture. variables affecting sofs include alternate crop farming (using nitrogen-fixing plants as alternate crops), utilizing farm animal manure, using plants and crop residues back into the soil system, and utilizing a variety of protective plowing schemes. overuse and p...

This review provides a good overview of biological nitrogen fixation in the growth of leguminous plants, particularly relating to fertilizer needs for crops. In addition to plants that form nodules that host nitrogen-fixing bacteria, other bacteria form different associations with plants, and this is currently under intense study to determine if there is significant nitrogen transfer to the pla...

Biological nitrogen fixation is a very valuable alternative to nitrogen fertilizer. This process will be discussed in the “Biological Nitrogen Fixation” book. A wide array of free-living and associative nitrogen fixing organisms (diazotrophs) will be covered. The most extensively studied and applied example of biological nitrogen fixation is the symbiotic interaction between nitrogen fixing “rh...

This research is an experimental study that aims to determine the effect of application N2-fixing bacteria Actinomycetes, Azospirillum, and Azotobacter on vegetative growth parameters corn plants nitrogen content plants. Parameters for measuring include: formation rate radicle length, plant height, number leaves, leaf fresh weight plants, roots, dry total N in as well physical chemical qualitie...

Nitrogen is an essential plant nutrient, widely applied as N-fertilizer to improve yield of agriculturally important crops. An interesting alternative to avoid or reduce the use of N-fertilizers could be the exploitation of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB), capable of enhancing growth and yield of many plant species, several of agronomic and ecological significance. PGPB belong to diverse...

The current nitrogen fertilization for sugarcane production in Guangxi, the major sugarcane-producing area in China, is very high. We aim to reduce nitrogen fertilization and improve sugarcane production in Guangxi with the help of indigenous sugarcane-associated nitrogen-fixing bacteria. We initially obtained 196 fast-growing bacterial isolates associated with the main sugarcane cultivar ROC22...

Plant-nematode populations associated with uncultivated vegetation, adjacent strawberry plants, and alternate crop sites were studied at three locations in Minnesota. At one site (Forest Lake), Paratylenchus projectus, Meloidogyne hapla, and Pratylenchus tenuis were frequently associated with the roots of native vegetation. These nematode species were also present in adjacent strawberry beds. A...

Sustainable agriculture demands reduced input of man-made nitrogen (N) fertilizer, yet N2 fixation limits the productivity of crops with heterotrophic diazotrophic bacterial symbionts. We investigated floating ferns from the genus Azolla that host phototrophic diazotrophic Nostoc azollae in leaf pockets and belong to the fastest growing plants. Experimental production reported here demonstrated...