this study compared focus attention (self-focused attention and other focused attention) in social phobia patients and normal subjects. in this study with causal–comparative method, 100 subjects with social phobia and 100 normal individuals have been compared. subjects were selected through cluster sampling among tabriz university students. data scale of social phobia and focus attention of the...

Meditation is becoming increasingly popular as a topic for scientific research and theories on meditation are becoming ever more specific. We distinguish between what is called focused Attention meditation, open Monitoring meditation, and loving kindness (or compassion) meditation. Research suggests that these meditations have differential, dissociable effects on a wide range of cognitive (cont...

background and aim: aging is associated with reduced cognitive abilities including attention and memory. there is some evidence that shows randomized dichotic digits test (rddt) has enough difficulty to show the ear asymmetry in dichotic listening. this study aimed to compare the effect of free and focused attention on dichotic listening ability of young and elderly listeners. methods: the cros...

Ostracism-being excluded and ignored-thwarts satisfaction of four fundamental needs: belonging, self-esteem, control, and meaningful existence. The current study investigated whether training participants to focus their attention on the here-and-now (i.e., focused attention) reduces distress from an ostracism experience. Participants were first trained in either focused or unfocused attention, ...

When attention is diffuse, as in a visual search task, an abrupt onset almost invariably succeeds in capturing attention. But if attention had been cued in advance to a different location, the same onset may then fail to capture attention (Theeuwes, 1991; Yantis and Jonides, 1990). In previous demonstrations, the onset appeared frequently. This may have diminished the onset's novelty, which in ...

Behavioral and neuroimaging findings indicate that distinct cognitive and neural processes underlie solving problems with sudden insight. Moreover, people with less focused attention sometimes perform better on tests of insight and creative problem solving. However, it remains unclear whether different states of attention, within individuals, influence the likelihood of solving problems with in...