The existence of injured microorganisms in food and their recovery during culturing procedures is critical. Microbial injury is characterized by the capability of a microorganism to return to normalcy during a resuscitation process in which the damaged essential components are repaired. Injury of microorganisms can be induced by sublethal heat, freezing, freeze-drying, drying, irradiation, high...

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are harmful to living organisms due to the potential oxidation of membranes, DNA, proteins, and carbohydrates. Freezing injury has been shown to involve the attack of ROS. Antioxidant enzymes can protect plant cells from oxidative stress imposed by freezing injury, therefore, cold acclimation may involve an increase in the expression of antioxidant enzymes. In this...

Volatile emissions of navel orange (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck cv. Washington) fruit were evaluated as a means for predicting and gauging freeze damage. The fruits were subjected to -5 or -7 degrees C treatments in a laboratory freezer for various time periods of 2-9.5 h and stored at 23 degrees C for 1, 2, or 7 days, after which time the emission of volatiles from the fruit was measured. Follow...

BACKGROUND weather predictions are a useful tool for informing public health planning and prevention strategies for non-injury health outcomes, but the association between winter weather warnings and fall-related injuries has not been assessed previously. OBJECTIVE to examine the association between fall-related injuries among older adults and government-issued winter weather warnings. METH...

Freeze injury is one of the main limiting factors to crop production and distribution of horticultural crops. Despite the numerous research efforts devoted to reduce freezing injury, it still accounts for greater losses of fruits and vegetables than any other environmental or biological hazard and the ultimate causes determining cold hardiness remain uncertain. In temperate climates, important ...

Changes in membrane lipid composition play important roles in plant adaptation to and survival after freezing. Plant response to cold and freezing involves three distinct phases: cold acclimation, freezing, and post-freezing recovery. Considerable progress has been made toward understanding lipid changes during cold acclimation and freezing, but little is known about lipid alteration during pos...

In an attempt to correlate freezable water with freezing injury, the thermal behavior of pea (Pisum sativum L.) and soybean (Glycine max L. Merr) seed parts at different moisture contents were compared with survival of the seeds when exposed to low temperatures. Thermal transitions between -150 and 10 degrees C were studied using differential scanning calorimetry. In pea, reduction of germinabi...

Onion (Allium cepa L.) bulbs were frozen to -4 and -11 C and kept frozen for up to 12 days. After slow thawing, a 2.5-cm square from a bulb scale was transferred to 25 ml deionized H(2)O. After shaking for standard times, measurements were made on the effusate and on the effused cells. The results obtained were as follows.Even when the scale tissue was completely infiltrated, and when up to 85%...