This study examined children’s gender development and its associations with parents’ gender ideology and behavior among 172 parents (44 lesbian, 52 gay, 76 heterosexual) and their adopted children (Mage 8). Results revealed that parents’ sexual orientation was associated with children’s gender attitudes, but not with their sex-typing of self. Daughters of same-sex couples reported more flexible...

Modernization accounts of cultural change hold that economic development drives liberalization social values, including gender beliefs. Some comparative scholarship suggests societal affluence is often accompanied by the growth gender-essentialist beliefs, and these beliefs coexist comfortably alongside gender-egalitarian values. The multidimensional conceptualization ideology required to asses...