In the past few years, our understanding of the dynamics of Haemophilus parasuis infection has greatly improved. Techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of this microorganism in clinical samples and genotyping of field isolates have certainly enhanced our knowledge on prevalence and epidemiology of infection. Although we still have a long way to go regarding the develop...

The detection methods for infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) are reviewed. Advantages and disadvantages of available techniques of IBV detection by virus isolation, antigen or genome detection, and serology are discussed. Factors of influence on the level of success in detection of IBV after a disease outbreak are discussed, as are the possibilities and dangers of strain classification by protec...

New, quick, and inexpensive methods for genotyping novel caprine Fec gene polymorphisms through tetra-primer ARMS PCR were developed in the present investigation. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping needs to be attempted to establish association between the identified mutations and traits of economic importance. In the current study, we have successfully genotyped three new SNPs ide...

Conventional pretransfusion testing based on hemagglutination assays can be challenging for patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) because of the presence of auto-antibodies. It has been suggested that deoxyribonucleic acid-based methods could be more efficient in the selection of antigen-matched red blood cell units in those settings. Because of the high risk of alloimmunization of t...

In situ hybridization (ISH) was performed on paraffin-embedded tissues to detect multiple high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) subtypes in 27 cases of cervical adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) and adenocarcinoma (CA) specimens. These results were compared with those of HPV detection by HPV-PCR genotyping and p16 immunohistochemistry in the same specimens. Of the 27 cases, 17 (63%) showed HPV-DNA by...

OBJECTIVES Published data on the association between Interleukin-8-251A/T polymorphism and gastric cancer (GC) risk are inconclusive. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between cyclin D1 G870A polymorphism and GC risk. METHODS We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of science and the Cochrane Library up to July 12, 2015 for relevant studies. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% con...

Introduction Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a disease of central nervous system that mainly causes lesions or plaques in the spinal cord and brain. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relation between c.-813C>T (rs2070744) and c.894G>T (rs1799983) polymorphisms of NOS3 gene and MS in Iranian patients. Methods A total of 78 patients with MS and 80 healthy controls were screened for NOS3 (...

OBJECTIVES Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) is a member of cytochrome P450 (CYP) family that accounts for nearly 18% of the total CYP protein content in the human liver microsomes and catalyzes almost 15-20% of the drugs. Considering the paucity of data on the polymorphisms of CYP2C9 in Western Indian population, the present study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of CYP2C9 polymorphisms (*1...

BACKGROUND Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most common bacterial pathogen in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Current infection control guidelines aim to prevent transmission via contact and respiratory droplet routes and do not consider the possibility of airborne transmission. It was hypothesised that subjects with CF produce viable respirable bacterial aerosols with coughing. METHODS A cr...