background: active immunization with gonadotropin releasing hormone conjugate (gnrh-bsa) manipulates the fertility axis and thus alters the reproductive cyclicity serum estradiol and progesterone levels. while the application of kamdhenu ark increases the efficacy of gnrh-bsa. objective: this experimental investigation is aimed to evaluate the modulatory effects on estrous cycle serum estradiol...

The global spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1) in wild birds and poultry is considered a significant pandemic threat. Furthermore, human infections resulting from direct contact with infected birds/poultry pose a serious public health threat. From November 2003 to March 2007, a total of 3345 H5N1 outbreaks were reported worldwide. Spatial and temporal patterns can provide clues i...

The present study was carried out to see the efficacy of lugol's iodine for the initiation of ovarian cyclicity in postpartum true anestrus buffaloes. Confirmation of true anestrus in 30 buffaloes was done by finding smooth ovaries at rectal examination, out of 30, 15 buffaloes was treated with Lugol's iodine (1:50) ratio @ 30ml I/U once only whereas, the remaining 15 buffaloes were serve as co...

Response to most estrous synchronization programs is improved in cycling females, compared to pre-pubertal heifers or anestrus cows. Cycling status is often monitored for research purposes by measuring progesterone concentrations in serum. Producers may want to use information on cyclicity status when determining which estrous synchronization program to use or as a component of their heifer sel...

There is worldwide interest in buffalo as an animal for meeting the growing demands of meat, milk and work in the developing countries. One of the major constraints to full exploitation of the productive potential of buffalo has been its inherently low reproductive efficiency as reflected by late maturity, poor expression of oestrus, silent oestrus, irregular oestrous cyclicity, seasonality in ...

In the present study, the high-resolution stable carbon ( 13 C/ 12 C) and oxygen ( 18 O/ 16 O) isotope ratio profiles in the wood of the mangrove Rhizophora mucronata Lam., a tropical tree species lacking distinct growth rings, were investigated. Variations of both isotope ratios revealed a remarkable annual cyclicity with lowest values occurring at the latewood/earlywood boundary (April–May) a...

Let π1,…,πk be smooth irreducible representations of p-adic general linear groups. We prove that the parabolic induction product π1×⋯×πk has a unique quotient whose Langlands parameter is sum parameters all factors (cyclicity property), assuming same property holds for each products πi×πj (i<j), and but at most two πi×πi remains (square-irreducibility property). Our technique applies recently d...

This paper re-examines the wh-copying phenomenon that is attested in a number of languages including German, Frisian, Afrikaans, and Romani, in the context of Chomsky's (1998, and later) phase-based approach to syntactic derivation. Wh-copying is traditionally thought to provide strong evidence for the successive-cyclic nature of wh-movement. Besides the more general problem of how intermediate...

Glossary andesite magma or volcanic rock is characterised by intermediate SiO2 concentration. Andesite magmas have rheological properties that are intermediate between basalt and rhyolite magmas. Silica content in andesites ranges from approximately 52 to 66 weight percent. Common minerals in andesite include plagioclase, amphibole and pyroxene. Andesite is typically erupted at temperatures bet...