in recent years, medical and health care consumption has risen, making health risk an important determinant of household spending and welfare. we aimed to examine the determinants of medical and health care expenditure to help policy-makers in the improvement of china's health care system, benefiting the country, society and every household. this paper employs panel data from china's provinces ...

This paper examines monetary and fiscal policy through the estimation of a New-Keynesian dynamic general equilibrium model for Iran’s economy. In this New-Keynesian dynamic general equilibrium model, the consumers encounter the liquidity constraint and the firms face sticky prices, while they are changing them. In the model presented, a role is considered for both government spending and taxati...

Abstract In the last decade, UK Government has attempted to implement improved processes and procedures in modelling analysis response Laidlaw report of 2012 Macpherson review 2013. The was commissioned after failings during Intercity West Coast Rail (ICWC) Franchise procurement exercise by Department for Transport (DfT) that led a legal challenge analytical models used within exercise. looked ...

We investigate whether fiscal rules help to reduce the extent of policy procyclicalitydhow government expenditure policy responds to GDP– in a dynamic panel framework with 81 advanced, emerging and developing countries over 1985e2012. We construct two new fiscal rule indices and investigate whether rules help to dampen procyclical policies. We condition our empirical specifications on the degre...

Empirical analyses of labor tax and public debt processes provide prima facie evidence for imperfect government insurance. This paper considers a model in which the government’s inability to commit to future policies or to report truthfully its spending needs renders government debt markets endogenously incomplete. A method for solving for optimal fiscal policy under these constraints is develo...

the main purpose of the study is to examine the causal relationship between government revenues and expenditures of the jordan government over the period from 1990 to 2011 using granger causality and vecm tests methodology. which provides channels of causation between government revenues (gr) and government expenditures (ge).the empirical results show that bidirectional causality running betwee...