A standard correction for random guessing (cfg) formula on multiple-choice and Yes/Noexaminations was examined retrospectively in the scores of the intermediate female EFL learners in an English language school. The correctionwas a weighting formula for points awarded for correct answers,incorrect answers, and unanswered questions so that the expectedvalue of the increase in test score due to g...

Epistemic Indefinites (henceforth EIs) are indefinites in which this ignorance inference is conventionalized (Jayez and Tovena, 2006; Alonso-Ovalle and MenéndezBenito, 2010). Examples of epistemic indefinite determiners are German irgendein (Haspelmath, 1997; Kratzer and Shimoyama, 2002) and Italian un qualche (Zamparelli, 2007). Sentences (2) and (3) make an existential claim, and additionally...

In simple card games, cards are dealt one at a time and the player guesses each sequentially. We study problems where feedback (e.g., correct/incorrect) is given after guess. For decks with repeated values (as in blackjack suits do not matter), optimal strategy differs from “greedy strategy” (of guessing most likely round). Further, both greedy strategies far too complicated for real-time use b...