for the past quarter of a century iran has advocated the setting up of a security regime in the persian gulf by littoral states that excludes foreign powers. this paper examines the reasons behind iran's opposition to foreign participation in persian gulf security arrangements; the steps iran has taken to gain the support of other littoral states for its scheme, and the prospects for iran&...

in regional level, iran-iraq war had a great impact on neighboring states' foreign policy approach, especially on gulf arab states. these states adopted a new approach in their relations with iran and iraq considering the ideological and revolutionary threat of iran. after iraqi invasion against iran, gulf arab states affected by nationalism movement, sported iraq extensively. their policy...

“Capital-rich and labour-poor”. !is is how the curse of the Gulf States was described "#y years ago. !e world’s largest oil stocks had just been discovered under the earth’s most arid and depopulated region. With oil internationally recognised as the property of the state and not of the company that did the pumping, the scarcely populated states of the Gulf acquired enormous wealth. From the la...

Since a long time ago, the Persian Gulf security has always formed the focus of attention of regional states and the world big powers. During the final years of the 20th and early 21st centuries given the changes and transformations occurring after the US war and Iraq invasion, the significance of the region from security perspective increased. As a result, several conventions and special dialo...

The Great Plains low-level jet has been related to summer precipitation over the northern Great Plains and Midwest through its moisture transport and convergence at the jet exit area. Much less studied has been its negative relationship with precipitation over the southern Great Plains and the Gulf coastal area. This work shows that the southerly low-level winds at 30°–40°N over the southern Gr...

since a long time ago, the persian gulf security has always formed the focus of attention of regional states and the world big powers. during the final years of the 20th and early 21st centuries given the changes and transformations occurring after the us war and iraq invasion, the significance of the region from security perspective increased. as a result, several conventions and special dialo...

Electronic mail systems (Email) constitute one of the most important communication and business tools that people employ. Email in the workplace can help a business improve its productivity. Many organisations now rely on email to manage internal communications as well as other communication and business processes and procedures. This paper compares email use by university stakeholders (i.e. fa...

the necessity of reform in persian gulf region brought by itself the question of “imposed democracy”. the most important plan in this context was the broader middle east and north africa initiative” that is directed by united states. examining the consequences of this plan prove the relative changes in shiite situation first; then that the initiative is still working and; third the effect of vi...

In recent years, the United Arab Emirates has begun creating artificial islands in the Persian Gulf. These actions have sparked many concerns throughout the region, particularly from Iran. This study defines and analyzes the process of securitizing the creation of the UAE artificial islands in the Persian Gulf. Although, according to the Law of the Sea Convention, coastal states are entitled to...