background: hair dye poisoning, with main toxic component paraphenylene diamine, is a medical emergency. it is on increasing trend in developing countries due to wide availability and low cost of hair dyes. it carries a high mortality and does not have any specific antidote. case report:  twenty three years old patient presented with breathelessness along with difficulty in speaking for one hou...

The objective of this study was to examine the association between personal use of hair dyes and the risk of leukemia. We conducted a systematic literature review of epidemiology studies reporting leukemia-specific cancer risks among hair dye users, and estimated the meta-relative risk (meta-RR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of leukemia, comparing hair dye users to nonusers...

Background: Hair dye poisoning, with main toxic component paraphenylene diamine, is a medical emergency. It is on increasing trend in developing countries due to wide availability and low cost of hair dyes. It carries a high mortality and does not have any specific antidote. Case Report:  Twenty three years old patient presented with breathelessness along with difficulty in speaking for...

We provide a patient, habitually used a hair dye contained P-araphenylenediamine once every month for almost six years, who presents elevated creatinine and proteinuria and renal interstitial fibrosis by renal biopsy. Hair dye is widely used all over the world. There have been some literatures about hair dye induced acute kidney injury, but few about the topical application of it can induce chr...

Brain tumors, which is one of the destructive forms of human being’s cancers, are the second most common children’s cancers. Brain tumors may have an inherited (small percent), acquired reasons due to environmental factors. Nowadays advances in cosmetic industry have increased our ability in the field of youth and beauty. Hair dye products are such innovations. Recent studies showed...

Background: Hair dye poisoning is the major cause of intoxication in developing countries with high morbidity and mortality rates among the patients. The present study was conducted to determine the clinical presentation, complications and the case fatality rate of hair dye poisoning patients at OHNS (Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery) of Khartoum teaching hospital in Sudan. Methods: This wa...

Coloring of hair can cause severe allergic contact dermatitis. The most frequently reported hair dye allergens are p-phenylenediamine (PPD) and toluene-2,5-diamine. We present a 20-year-old man who came to emergency room with head and face edema. His head and neck skin was diffusely erythematous, oozing with blisters and crusts. Some of the crusts on the back of his neck were pyodermic. Submand...

Hair dye is one of the most popular cosmetic products which are used more widely and frequently to improve an individual’s appearance. Although the genotoxic effects of dye ingredients are widely reported, hair dye in its usable form is not reported extensively. In this contribution, we report the possible mode of interaction of hair dye with DNA which leads to genotoxicity. The effect of dye D...

Skin exposure to permanent hair dye compounds was assessed in 33 hairdressers using a previously evaluated hand rinse method. Hand rinse samples were collected from each hand before the start of hair dyeing, after application of the dye and after cutting the newly-dyed hair. Sixteen of the hairdressers did not use gloves during dye application, and none used gloves while cutting the dyed hair. ...

Hair dyes and their ingredients have moderate to low acute toxicity. Human poisoning accidents are rare and have only been reported following oral ingestion. Contact sensitisation to hair dyes has been a safety issue, mainly as a consequence of unprotected professional exposure. Although the use of hair dyes has dramatically increased in industrialised countries during the last decades, the pre...