Assessment of model estimates of land–atmosphere CO2 exchange across Northern Eurasia M. A. Rawlins, A. D. McGuire, J. K. Kimball, P. Dass, D. Lawrence, E. Burke, X. Chen, C. Delire, C. Koven, A. MacDougall, S. Peng, A. Rinke, K. Saito, W. Zhang, R. Alkama, T. J. Bohn, P. Ciais, B. Decharme, I. Gouttevin, T. Hajima, D. Ji, G. Krinner, D. P. Lettenmaier, P. Miller, J. C. Moore, B. Smith, and T. ...

[1] We find a consistent and statistically significant increase in the intensity of future extreme winter precipitation events over the western United States, as simulated by an ensemble of regional climate models (RCMs) driven by IPCCAR4 global climate models (GCMs). All eight simulations analyzed in this work consistently show an increase in the intensity of extreme winter precipitation with ...

[1] We used a simulated data set of hydro-climatological variables to examine for 20th century trends in soil moisture, runoff, and drought characteristics over the conterminous United States (U.S.). An increasing trend is apparent in both model soil moisture and runoff over much of the U.S., with a few decreasing trends in parts of the Southwest. The trend patterns were qualitatively similar t...

[1] Surface water elevation profiles for a reach of the Ohio River were produced by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory Instrument Simulator to represent satellite measurements representative of those that would be observed by awide swath altimeter being considered jointly by U.S. and European space agencies. The Ensemble Kalman filter with a river hydrodynamics model as its dynamical core was used t...

Introduction In the lowlands of the upper Willamette River Valley, Oregon, winter flooding is an annual phenomenon driven by the seasonal precipitation regime of the Pacific Northwest (Hamlet and Lettenmaier 1999). Predictable inundation of river floodplains and expansion of stream networks like these are major processes influencing entire aquatic communities (which include fish, frogs, salaman...

[1] The proposed Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission would provide measurements of water surface elevation (WSE) for characterization of storage change and discharge. River channel bathymetry is a significant source of uncertainty in estimating discharge from WSE measurements, however. In this paper, we demonstrate an ensemble-based data assimilation (DA) methodology for estimatin...

[1] The water cycle of the southwestern United States (SW) is dominated by winter storms that maintain a positive annual net precipitation. Analysis of the control and future climate from four pairs of regional and global climate models (RCMs and GCMs) shows that the RCMs simulate a higher fraction of transient eddy moisture fluxes because the hydrodynamic instabilities associated with flow ove...