greimas and other semioticians of the paris school believe that reality is always illusive and that the factors affecting the formation of a narrative are always ambiguous. based on this view, a narrative is always a simulation of reality. based on greimas' actants model, this paper presents an analysis of two stories from tarikh-e beyhaghi, with the aim of revealing two types of narratives; th...

literary adaptation is recasting literary books such as novels, short stories, or even poems in a new form such as films, stage plays, or even video games. persian literature abounds with dramatic events. there are many fascinating narratives such as shahnameh of ferdowsi, khmseh of nezami, mathnavi of rumi, and tarikh-e beyhaghi of beyhaghi, which have the dramatic capacity of literary adaptat...

iran, between third to fifth centuries ad, witnessed one of the urbanization boom periods in his history. in this period, iranian towns were capable of commodity exchange and  manufacturing  products. in this context, growth of knowledge and rationalism , moderation in politics, community participation, growth and development of the intellectual trends and movements caused rationality and reaso...