Hedgerow fruits provide a food resource for several UK farmland bird species from late summer, through winter and into spring. This project aims to develop the understanding of the interactions between fruit-bearing hedgerow flowers, their pollinators, hedgerow fruits and frugivorous birds. Experiments revealed that flowers of blackthorn, hawthorn and ivy all benefited from insect visits in ord...

half the width of a piano string right at the top of the keyboard, he said. But Dawkins was keen to highlight the core of Darwin's natural selection. " The amount of suffering in the natural world is beyond all decent contemplation. During the minute that it takes me to say this, millions of animals are running for their lives, whimpering with fear. Thousands are dying from starvation or diseas...

Bitcoin remains the most popular cryptocurrency and has attracted significant research attention, especially in hedging safe-haven literature. As many investors bitcoin are concentrated heavily cryptocurrencies as opposed to other assets, a question arises whether alternative (altcoins) can used safe-havens hedges against Bitcoin? We find that only meme coins offer benefits but wider range – De...