The human face is an array of variable physical features that together make each of us unique and distinguishable. Striking familial facial similarities underscore a genetic component, but little is known of the genes that underlie facial shape differences. Numerous studies have estimated facial shape heritability using various methods. Here, we used advanced three-dimensional imaging technolog...

We examined the impact of censored data on estimates of heritability of longevity. Longevity, defined as the length of productive racing life of an individual, is influenced by many factors. A simulated data set, modelled on the Irish Thoroughbred industry, was used to estimate heritabilities of longevity. Several scenarios representing various levels of censoring of performance data were creat...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the heritability of memory and other cognitive measures in families with multiple individuals with Alzheimer disease (AD) to determine if neuropsychological measures can be used to better understand genetic contributions to AD. METHODS The genetic contributions to the variation in declarative memory, attention, abstract reasoning, language, and visuospatial function u...

8 A crucial component of major transitions theory is that after the transition, adaptation 9 occurs primarily at the level of the new, higher-level unit. For collective-level adaptations 10 to occur, though, collective-level traits must be heritable. Since collective-level traits are 11 functions of lower-level traits, collective-level heritability is related to particle-level 12 heritability. ...

Previous work by Tesser (1993) and Bourgeois (2002) found that heritable attitudes are more resistant to social influence and attitude change. The present study sought to replicate and extend previous work by utilizing attitudes and heritability estimates not previously used in studies examining the effect of heritable attitudes on social influence processes. It was hypothesized that attitudesw...

Heritability (0.08) was evaluated in a model whereas the comparable group used interaction between herd and control day. The influence of as heritability (0.03). herds years testing (0.04 0.05). Phenotypic correlations milk urea concentration milking traits: daily quantity milk, content fat proteins (P <0.0001). Positive low phenotypic correlation (0.15) found yield, amount (0.10). Between c...

paragraph One of the major developments in recent years in the search for missing heritability of human phenotypes is the adoption of linear mixed-effects models (LMMs) to estimate heritability due to genetic variants which are not significantly associated with the phenotype 1. A variant of the LMM approach has been adapted to case-control studies and applied to many major diseases 2–5 , succes...

Evidence for a major role of genetic factors in the determination of body mass index (BMI) comes from studies of related individuals. Despite consistent evidence for a heritable component of BMI, estimates of BMI heritability vary widely between studies and the reasons for this remain unclear. While some variation is natural due to differences between populations and settings, study design fact...

Occurrence of psychotic experiences is common amongst adolescents in the general population. Twin studies suggest that a third to a half of variance in adolescent psychotic experiences is explained by genetic influences. Here we test the extent to which common genetic variants account for some of the twin-based heritability. Psychotic experiences were assessed with the Specific Psychotic Experi...

Heritability estimates of birth weight have been inconsistent. Possible explanations are heritability changes during gestational age or the influence of covariates (e.g. chorionicity). The aim of this study was to model birth weights of twins across gestational age and to quantify the genetic and environmental components. We intended to reduce the common environmental variance to increase herit...