the study compared economic efficiency among smallholder farmers who practiced low external input technology [leit] and high external input technology [heit] agriculture in a harsh macroeconomic environment typified by inadequate fertilizer subsidy in imo state, nigeria. cross sectional data generated from 160 smallholder farmers randomly selected from 2 out of the 3 agricultural zones in imo s...

The study compared economic efficiency among smallholder farmers who practiced low external input technology [LEIT] and high external input technology [HEIT] agriculture in a harsh macroeconomic environment typified by inadequate fertilizer subsidy in Imo State, Nigeria. Cross sectional data generated from 160 smallholder farmers randomly selected from 2 out of the 3 agricultural zones in Imo S...

inter organizational collaboration has been considered as a novel concepts in supply chain management by many researchers. in this paper two groups of internal and external factors were examined in relationship with inter-organizational collaboration in iran khodro supply chain. internal factors consist of organizational strategy and technology and inter-organizational factors refers to trust a...

A high accurate and low-voltage analog CMOS current divider which operates with a single power supply voltage is designed in 0.18µm CMOS standard technology. The proposed divider uses a differential amplifier and transistor in triode region in order to perform the division. The proposed divider is modeled with neural network while TLBO algorithm is used to optimize it. The proposed optimiza...

A high accurate and low-voltage analog CMOS current divider which operates with a single power supply voltage is designed in 0.18µm CMOS standard technology. The proposed divider uses a differential amplifier and transistor in triode region in order to perform the division. The proposed divider is modeled with neural network while TLBO algorithm is used to optimize it. The proposed optimiza...

The mechanisms which enable the vast majority of computer attacks are based on design and programming errors in networked applications. The growing use of voice over IP (VOIP) phone technology makes these phone applications potential targets. We present a tool to perform security testing of VOIP applications to identify security vulnerabilities which can be exploited by an attacker. Session Ini...

this paper presents an indirect adaptive system based on neuro-fuzzy approximators for the speed control of induction motors. the uncertainty including parametric variations, the external load disturbance and unmodeled dynamics is estimated and compensated by designing neuro-fuzzy systems. the contribution of this paper is presenting a stability analysis for neuro-fuzzy speed control of inducti...

In this work we present a high-speed optical receiver with external large-area photodiode. The optical receiver is realized in 0.35μm SiGe BiCMOS technology. The input circuit is a two-transistor transimpedance amplifier using an common-emitter and an emitter-follower configuration. An external silicon PIN photodiode of a squared area of 0.25mm2 with a rise time of 0.4ns at 850nm light is used....

In this paper a novel very high performance current mirror is presented. It favorably benefits from such excellent parameters as: Ultra high output resistance (36.9GΩ), extremely low input resistance (0.0058Ω), low output (~0.18V) and low input voltage (~0.18V) operation, very low power consumption (20μW), very low offset current (1pA), ultra wide current dynamic range (150dB), and ultra high a...