many mobile and off-grid devices include electronics and other electrical consumers like servo drives, which need a quite low supply power. since the price for photovoltaic modules drops continuously, photovoltaic power supply is interesting in more and more applications. in solar powered systems, a battery is needed to store energy for the night and cloudy periods. the power electronics of suc...

this thesis is presented 10 ghz voltage controlled ring oscillator for high speed application. the voltage controlled ring oscillator was designed and fabricated in 0.13یm cmos technology. the oscillator is 7-stages ring oscillator with one inverter replaced by nand-gate for shutting down in the ring oscillator during idle mode. tri-state inverter was used to control of 126 bit vector in ri...

a phase-locked loop (pll) based frequency synthesizer is an important circuit that is used in many applications, especially in communication systems such as ethernet receivers, disk drive read/write channels, digital mobile receivers, high-speed memory interfaces, system clock recovery and wireless communication system. other than requiring good signal purity such as low phase noise and low spu...

in this project, some new polyaspartimides, (pas)s, have been synthesized form michael addition reaction between new synthetic bismaleimide (bmi) and some aromatic diamines. a characteristic property of this polyaspartimides is a pendent carboxylic group, which introduced to these polymers from new bismaleimide. bismaleimides (bmi) is one of the interesting compounds, which can be self-polymeri...

‏‎applications such as high definition viedeo reproduction, portable computers, wireless, and multimedia demand, and ever-increasing need for ligh-frequency high-resolution and low-power analog-to-digital converters. flash, two-step flash, and pipeline convertors are fast but consume large amount of power and require large area. to overcome these problems, successive approximation converter blo...

در بخش نظری این پایان نامه، سهم کوارک نوع پائین از کوارکهای نسل چهارم (b?)، در ممان دوقطبی الکتریکی کوارک top، تنها با در نظر گرفتن نمودارهای تک حلقه مطالعه شده است. با استفاده از قیود شناخته شده بر روی ممان دو قطبی الکتریکی کوارک top، حدی بر روی جرم کوارک b? گذاشته شده است. سپس با استفاده از نسبت جرم های کوارک های نسل چهارم که از سایر مطالعات بدست آمده، و همچنین قید به دست آمده بر روی mb? ناشی...