conclusions a review of the literature on the use of hypnotic drugs in patients with liver dysfunction showed that some hypnotic drugs used during anesthesia could be safely used in patients with impaired liver function. in these patients, certain drugs should be used with caution. results anesthesia should be performed with caution in patients with hepatic dysfunction and drugs with long half-...

Anxiolytics Anxiety is a normal reaction but when severe and disabling it becomes pathological. Phobias are distinguished from anxiety, and some classifications also separate panic attacks. Patients should be assessed carefully to detect associated problems in their lives and to seek evidence of underlying illness, such as depression and organic brain disease, that may present as anxiety. Conve...

Zolpidem, zopiclone and zaleplon are hypnotics with similar pharmacology to benzodiazepines. In addition to the usual adverse effects of sedative drugs, there have been unusual reactions associated with the 'z-drugs', particularly zolpidem. It is unclear why there have been so many reports of bizarre behaviour in Australians taking zolpidem. Some of the cases may be the result of other conditio...

In spite of tremendous advances in medical science, sleep has not been understood completely. The causes for many of parasomnias are still not evident. Even then these parasomnias are treated with different drugs, one of the major groups among them being sedative hypnotics. The use of sedative hypnotics are always associated with adverse effect, and there is many a times loss of the normal slee...

OBJECTIVE To describe dental prescriptions for anxiolytics, sedatives, and hypnotics for Brazilian outpatients in 2010. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted using data on the use of anxiolytics, sedatives, and hypnotics from the Brazilian Health Surveillance Agency, Brazil, 2010. For each prescription, prescribed drugs and the prescribed amount were identified. Prescribed medications...

BACKGROUND Asthma is often poorly controlled and guidelines are often inadequately followed in medical practice. In particular, the prescription of non-asthma-specific drugs can affect the quality of care. The goal of this study was to measure the frequency of the prescription of antibiotics and anxiolytics/hypnotics to asthmatic patients and to look for associations between sex or age and the ...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Hypnotics are used to treat perioperative sleep disorders. These drugs are associated with a higher risk of adverse effects among patients undergoing surgery. This study aims to quantify the use of hypnotics and factors influencing the administration of hypnotics in relation to colorectal cancer surgery. METHOD A retrospective cohort study of 1979 patients undergoing colorecta...

BACKGROUND Little is known about the consumption habits of older adults in Norway with respect to alcohol and the use of drugs with addiction potential, such as benzodiazepines, z-hypnotics and opioids, among regular drinkers. We studied the prevalence of self-reported consumption of alcohol on a regular basis in community-living older men and women (≥ 65 years). Furthermore, we investigated th...

Although insomnia due to neurotic illness is one of the commonest of symptoms, reports on the comparative efficacy of hypnotics in man are rare. Werz and Homann (1939) and Cohen and Beecher (1951) made controlled comparative studies but were concerned with the sedative rather than the hypnotic effects of the drugs they used. Meyers, Cook, and Page (1940) investigated the hypnotic action of five...