BACKGROUND Insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II) is a fetal growth protein and an important proangiogenic factor controlled by four promoters (P), of which P2-P4 are inactive in the adult liver. Reactivation and dysregulation of IGF-IIP3 in particular is associated with the attenuation of apoptosis and increased proliferation in a number of liver cancer cell types. Its involvement in experimen...

Hoesch, Robert E., Daniel Weinreich, and Joseph P. Y. Kao. Localized IP3-evoked Ca 2 release activates a K current in primary vagal sensory neurons. J Neurophysiol 91: 2344–2352, 2004. First published December 10, 2003; 10.1152/jn.01008.2003. Electrophysiological and microfluorimetric techniques were used to determine whether intracellular photorelease of caged IP3, and the consequent release o...

A wideband IM3 cancellation technique for CMOS attenuators is presented. With proper transistor width ratios, the dominant distortion currents of transistor switches cancel each other. As a result, a high IIP3 robust to PVT variations can be achieved without using large transistors. Two prototypes in a 0.16 μm standard bulk CMOS process are presented: a Πattenuator with four discrete settings o...

An active self-interference (SI) cancellation technique for SAW-less receiver linearity improvement is proposed. The active canceler combines programmable gain and phase in a single stage and is co-designed with a highly-linear LNA, achieving low noise and low power. A cross-modulation mechanism of the SI canceler is identified and strongly suppressed thanks to the introduction of an internal r...

This paper describes a 2 GHz CMOS active balanced downconversion I/Q mixer in a TSMC0.18m process for a WCDMA receiver. The mixer achieves a conversion gain of 16 dB and a double side band (DSB) NF of 13.8 dB. The mixer's IIP3 is 12.12 dBm. It consumes approximately 5 mA of current from a 1.8-V power supply. The 12.12 dBm IIP3 fulfils the UMTS requirements for a mixer design.

This paper presents an quantitative analysis on the cross modulation between transmitter CDMA leakage signal and single tone jammer signal, and some design guide lines for overcoming it in receiver design. The analysis shows that duplexer isolation and LNA IIP3 are responsible for the cross modulation. It also shows that LNA IIP3 required for meeting J-STD-018 PCS specification is about 45dBm w...

Linearity characteristics of hetero-gatedielectric tunneling field-effect transistors (HG TFETs) have been compared with those of high-k-only and SiO2-only TFETs in terms of IIP3 and P1dB. It has been observed that the optimized HG TFETs have higher IIP3 and P1dB than high-k-only and SiO2-only TFETs. It is because HG TFETs show higher transconductance (gm) and current drivability than SiO2-only...

Two-tone intermodulation in ultrahigh vacuum/chemical vapor deposition SiGe heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) were analyzed using a Volterra-series-based approach that completely distinguishes individual nonlinearities. Avalanche multiplication and collector–base (CB) capacitance were shown to be the dominant nonlinearities in a single-stage common-emitter amplifier. At a given , an opt...

A highly linear down conversion mixer with moderate gain used for 2.4GHz RF applications is presented in this paper using 0.18μm CMOS technology. The proposed mixer incorporates current bleeding technique & degenerative resistors to improve linearity and conversion gain. Also the negative feedback configuration of the circuit gives flat conversion gain increasing the overall bandwidth. The simu...

A low-noise amplifier (LNA) uses low-loss monolithic transformer feedback to neutralize the gate–drain overlap capacitance of a field-effect transistor (FET). A differential implementation in 0.18m CMOS technology, designed for 5-GHz wireless local-area networks (LANs), achieves a measured power gain of 14.2 dB, noise figure (NF, 50 ) of 0.9 dB, and third-order input intercept point (IIP3) of+0...