We studied the patterns of membrane potential changes in laryngeal motoneurons (LMs) during vocalization, coughing, swallowing, sneezing, and the aspiration reflex in decerebrate paralyzed cats. LMs, identified by antidromic activation from the recurrent laryngeal nerve, were expiratory (ELMs) or inspiratory (ILMs) cells that depolarized during their respective phases in eupnea. During vocaliza...

Widrow’s interference canceller, adapted by the normalized LMS (NLMS), is a standard approach for separating signals from multiple speakers, for example from the driver (target) and the codriver (interferer) in a car. In practice, the adaptation must be carried out only when the interferer is dominant, i.e. only when some estimate of the signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) is below a certain thr...

This paper extends and complements previous research we have performed on the performance of nonadaptive narrowband suppression filters when used in cellular codedivision multiple-access (CDMA) overlay situations. In this paper, an adaptive least mean square (ILMS) filter is applied to a cellular CDMA overlay in order to reject narrowband interference. An accurate expression for the steady-stat...

This paper extends and complements previous research we have performed on the performance of nonadaptive narrowband suppression filters when used in cellular codedivision multiple-access (CDMA) overlay situations. In this paper, an adaptive least mean square (ILMS) filter is applied to a cellular CDMA overlay in order to reject narrowband interference. An accurate expression for the steady-stat...

In this paper we study the impact of network size on the performance of incremental least mean square (ILMS) adaptive networks. Specifically, we consider two ILMS networks with different number of nodes and compare their performance in two different cases including (i) ideal links and (ii) noisy links. We show that when the links between nodes are ideal, increasing the network size improves the...

Adaptive networks include a set of nodes with adaptation and learning abilities for modeling various types of self-organized and complex activities encountered in the real world. This paper presents the effect of heterogeneously distributed incremental LMS algorithm with ideal links on the quality of unknown parameter estimation. In heterogeneous adaptive networks, a fraction of the nodes, defi...

We study the effect of fading in the communication channels between nodes on the performance of the incremental least mean square (ILMS) algorithm. We derive steadystate performance metrics, including the mean-square deviation (MSD), excess mean-square error (EMSE), and mean-square error (MSE). We obtain the sufficient conditions to ensure meansquare convergence, and verify our results through ...

Experimental evidence of intrinsic localized modes (ILMs) in microelectromechanical oscillator arrays has been reported recently. In this paper, we carry out a detailed analysis of a new mechanism for ILMs in typical experimental settings; that is, spatiotemporal chaos is ubiquitous and it provides a natural platform for actual realization of various ILMs through frequency control. We find that...

Intrinsic Localized Modes (ILMs) or Discrete Breathers (DBs) are produced through a non-linear vibration localization phenomenon. While Anderson localization is due to lattice defects, the nonlinearity of lattices provides the basis for ILM excitation. Over the past two decades, these ILMs have been realized in a wide range of physical systems including photonic crystals, nonlinear atomic latti...

To clarify the relation between anosognosia for hemiplegia and confabulation, 11 patients with acute right cerebral infarctions and left upper limb hemiparesis were assessed for anosognosia for hemiplegia, illusory limb movements (ILMs), hemispatial neglect, asomatognosia, and cognitive impairment. Five of 11 patients had unequivocal confabulation as evidenced by ILMs. The presence of ILMs was ...