microbial calcium carbonate, by bridging sand particles, can play an important role in sand dune stability. a study was carried out on the cementation of sand grains and infilling of pore spaces by caco3. two bacterial species (sporosarcina pasteurii and sporosarcina ureae), three reactant concentrations (0.5, 1 and 1.5m), and six reaction times (12, 24, 48, 96, 192 and 288 hours) were tested i...

Introduction: The most important environmental problem of automotive industries is the produced wastewater due to its various processes. The flocculation and coagulation along with chemical sequestration are among important processes for removing contaminants from wastewaters. The aim of this study is to investigate the efficiency of coagulation and flocculation process along with chemical sequ...

SUMMARY *Simulation models indicate that the nitrogen (N) cycle plays a key role in how other ecosystem processes such as plant productivity and carbon (C) sequestration respond to elevated CO(2) and warming. However, combined effects of elevated CO(2) and warming on N cycling have rarely been tested in the field. *Here, we studied N cycling under ambient and elevated CO(2) concentrations (600 ...

Farmed landscapes are engineered for productivity, and research suggests they contribute a disproportionate share of inorganic C to the Mississippi River and Gulf of Mexico. Here we use alkalinity and total organic C (TOC) measurements collected from the Raccoon River of Iowa to (i) evaluate inorganic and organic C concentrations and export patterns, (ii) compare current trends to historical co...

Photosynthetic assimilation of atmospheric carbon dioxide by land plants offers the underpinnings for terrestrial carbon (C) sequestration. A proportion of the C captured in plant biomass is partitioned to roots, where it enters the pools of soil organic C and soil inorganic C and can be sequestered for millennia. Bioenergy crops serve the dual role of providing biofuel that offsets fossil-fuel...

Quantification of dynamics of soil organic carbon (SOC) pools under the influence of long-term fertilization is essential for predicting carbon (C) sequestration. We combined soil chemical fractionation with stable C isotope analyses to investigate the C dynamics of the various SOC pools after 25 years of fertilization. Five types of soil samples (0-20, 20-40 cm) including the initial level (CK...

Global emissions of atmospheric CO2 and tropospheric O3 are rising and expected to impact large areas of the Earth’s forests. While CO2 stimulates net primary production, O3 reduces photosynthesis, altering plant C allocation and reducing ecosystem C storage. The effects of multiple air pollutants can alter belowground C allocation, leading to changes in the partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) in th...

Inorganic C reactions are among the most important chemical reactions that occur in irrigated soils and may contribute to the total amount of C sequestered in those soils. Because CO2 can escape from soils to the atmosphere or return to precipitate carbonate minerals, soils are open systems with regard to inorganic C. We measured inorganic and organic C stored in southern Idaho soils having lon...

A mutant (Delta5) of Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803 constructed by inactivating five inorganic carbon sequestration systems did not take up CO(2) or HCO(3)(-) and was unable to grow in air with or without glucose. The Delta4 mutant in which BicA is the only active inorganic carbon sequestration system showed low activity of HCO(3)(-) uptake and grew under these conditions but more slowly tha...