Background and Aim: Topography of the human insula has occasionally been studied in different populations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the morphology of human insula in Iranian population and its relationship with sex, age, and handedness via magnetic resonance imaging. Methods and Materials/Patients: In our study, 380 normal magnetic resonance imaging were enrolled. The number...

Introduction: Addiction imposes a large medical, social and economic burden on societies. Currently, there is no effective treatment for addiction. Our struggle to decipher the different mechanisms involved in addiction requires a proper understanding of the brain regions which promote this devastating behavior. Previous studies have shown a pivotal role for insula in cigarette smoking. In this...

background: as both oral and verbal apraxia are related  to vocal orofacial musculature, this study aimed at identifying brain regions impaired in cases with oral and verbal apraxia. methods:   in  this non-experimental  study,  46  left  brain damaged subjects (17 females)  aged  23–84  years,  were examined  by oral and  verbal apraxia tasks.  impaired  and spared broca’s area, insula, and mi...

introduction: addiction imposes a large medical, social and economic burden on societies. currently, there is no effective treatment for addiction. our struggle to decipher the different mechanisms involved in addiction requires a proper understanding of the brain regions which promote this devastating behavior. previous studies have shown a pivotal role for insula in cigarette smoking. in this...

The insula and cingulate cortices are implicated in emotional, homeostatic/allostatic, sensorimotor, and cognitive functions. Non-human primates have specific anatomical connections between sub-divisions of the insula and cingulate. Specifically, the anterior insula projects to the pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (pACC) and the anterior and posterior mid-cingulate cortex (aMCC and pMCC); th...