iodine deficiency is the most important preventable cause of mental deficiency. the aim of this study was to specify the phase during fetal and postnatal development when iodine supplementation would have optimum effect on the prevention of brain damage. materials and methods forty schoolchildren aged 7-13 years, from the previously iodine deficient villages of kiga and randan, were divided int...

Iodine is needed for thyroid hormone production and iodine suffi ciency is particularly important during pregnancy, lactation, and infancy owing to the role of thyroid hormones in brain development. A defi ciency of iodine during these life stages can result in impaired child cognition and has been associated with infant mortality. In countries with inadequate iodised salt coverage and iodine d...

Acute and excessive iodine supplementation leads to iodine-induced thyroid cytotoxicity. Excessive oxidative stress has been suggested to be one of the underlying mechanisms in the development of thyroid cytotoxicity. The aim of this study was to investigate whether vitamin E (VE), an important antioxidant, could ameliorate iodine-induced thyroid cytotoxicity. A goiter was induced in rats by fe...

This study quantifies the effects of iodine on the intellectual development of children using a systematic manual literature search of Chinese publications related to iodine deficiency disorders. The Chinese Medical Reference Database, Medline, and Cochrane library were searched electronically in Chinese and English. Inclusion criteria included: studies conducted in China, comparing children (<...

BACKGROUND Results from previous studies show that the cognitive ability of offspring might be irreversibly damaged as a result of their mother's mild iodine deficiency during pregnancy. A reduced intelligence quotient (IQ) score has broad economic and societal cost implications because intelligence affects wellbeing, income, and education outcomes. Although pregnancy and lactation lead to incr...

Pregnant women are prone to iodine deficiency due to the increased need for iodine during gestation. Progress has recently occurred in establishing serum thyroglobulin (Tg) as an iodine status biomarker, but there is no accepted reference range for iodine sufficiency during pregnancy. An observational study was conducted in 164 pregnant women. At week 16 of gestation urinary iodine concentratio...

Aim of this work was to evaluate if long-term dietary supplementation of potassium iodide (KI) to dairy goats can influence metabolic and hormonal parameters. Thirty Sarda crossbred dairy goats were divided into three groups, which were orally administered 0 (control group; CON), 0.45 (low iodine group; LI) or 0.90 (high iodine group; HI) mg of KI/day, respectively. The daily dose of KI (76.5% ...

BACKGROUND Iodine deficiency in infants can damage the developing brain and increase mortality. Present recommendations state that oral iodised oil should be given to breastfeeding mothers to correct iodine deficiency in infancy when iodised salt is not available, and that direct supplementation should be given to infants who are not being breastfed or receiving iodine-fortified complimentary f...

BACKGROUND Although the detrimental effects of severe iodine deficiency are well recognised, the benefits of correcting mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency are uncertain. OBJECTIVES We undertook a systematic review of the impact of iodine supplementation in populations with mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency. METHODS We searched Medline and the Cochrane library for relevant articles publishe...

Studies were performed to assess the role of combined selenium and iodine deficiency in the etiology of endemic myxedematous cretinism in a population in Zaire. One effect of selenium deficiency may be to lower glutathione peroxidase activity in the thyroid gland, thus allowing hydrogen peroxide produced during thyroid hormone synthesis to be cytotoxic. In selenium-and-iodine-deficient humans, ...