pharmacists are healthcare professionals who practice in pharmacy, the field of health sciences focusing on safe and effective medication use. the role of pharmacist has shifted from the classical “lick, stick and pour” dispensary role, to being an integrated member of the health care team directly involved in patient care. but, in our country pharmacists are mainly engaged with manufacturing o...

The current limited focus on management in global health activities is highly problematic given the amounts of financial and human resources that are pouring into health system strengthening interventions and the complexity of clinical operations across settings. By ensuring that public health and healthcare practitioners in domestic and international settings receive management training in the...

Health reform is the outcome of dispersed policy initiatives in different sectors, at different levels and across time. Policy work which can drive coherent health reform needs to operate across the governance structures as well as the institutions that comprise healthcare systems. Building policy capacity to support health reform calls for clarity regarding the nature of such policy work and t...

Despite a renewed focus in the field of global health on strengthening health systems, inadequate attention has been directed to a key ingredient of high-performing health systems: management. We aimed to develop the argument that management – defined here as the process of achieving predetermined objectives through human, financial, and technical resources – is a cross-cutting function necessa...

many projects on developing electronic health record (ehr) systems have been carried out in many countries. the current study was conducted to review the published data on the utilization of open source ehr systems in different countries all over the world. using free text and keyword search techniques, six bibliographic databases were searched for related articles. the identified papers were s...

Learning health systems necessitate interdependence between health and academic sectors and are critical to address the present and future needs of our health systems. This concept is being supported through the new Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Health System Impact (HSI) Fellowship, through which postdoctoral fellows are situated within a health system-related organization to h...

one of the ways to be informed on the extent of activities in various industries is to measure the rate of nominal protection. this paper tries to calculate the nominal and effective protection in order to examine the exchange rate unification impacts on the protection of pulp and paper industries with the aim of performing the exchange rate unification policy. therefore, nominal protection rat...

background given the rapid pace of changes in community health needs and the mission of healthcare organizations to provide and promote the community’s health, the growing need to increase health system responsiveness to people as a key element of observance and fulfillment of justice is felt more than ever. results confirmatory factor analysis, based on the results of the key informant survey ...

background: health system research (hsr) is system planning, coordination, monitoring and management of research resources and activities to achieve health and justice. as the main members of the health system, general practitioners (gps) play an important role in access to health care goals. the aim of the present study was to assess knowledge, attitude, and performance of gps in rafsanjan, ir...

Zusammenfassung Armin Meyers Einschätzung der sich aus Ablösung des amerikanischen Militärmonopols im Jahr 1966 ergebenden Folgen betonte die langfristigen Vorteile einer Distanzierung vom früheren Patron. Eine unabhängigere iranische Politik vergrößere mittelfristig Chancen für interne Stabilität in Iran und habe zugleich Falle Rückkehr Instabilität Zukunft den entscheidenden Vorteil, dass ame...