dumpsites can produce serious pollution problems in soil, water and air, and are the most frequent method of solid waste disposal in many developing countries. one of the pollution concerns at dumpsites is the emission of methane, which has been identified as a green house gas. in order to determine the surface emission of methane at an informal settlement built on a former dumpsite, six sampli...

the urban squatter settlements is an urban phenomenon which is formed and developed by uncontrolled and irregular urbanization growth in the world and in iran as well and also by migration from the villages towards the cities. urban squatter settlements, as an unbalancing factor in the urban physical equilibrium, is a sign of irregular growth in the cities and the regions and many of the urbani...

In this present paper the development of inner-city squatter settlements is analysed at two complementary scales, through distinct agent based models developed by the author: AxialAgents and Favela. The first one discuss the arising and development of spontaneous settlements in a virtual city centre where some aspects of the typical structure and dynamics of Third World cities are reproduced. I...

The subject of the illegality and informality of the urban settlements is intrinsically related to the urbanization process in Brazil, so that the country is globally known by the “favelas” of the great cities. However, the phenomenon tends to sprawl for almost all Brazilian cities starting from a certain size and development level. Pelotas (323,000 inhabitants) is a medium city located in the ...

The literature on regularization of illegal land in urban areas provides a general understanding that bureaucrats in various developing country initiate legalization of illegal settlements for either direct or indirect political gains or economic benefits. This thesis questions this conventional understanding of the motivations of the bureaucrat to legalize illegal settlements. The thesis argue...

For a long time, the traditional pattern of urban-rural human settlements has been shaped in reference to the existence of the urban-rural dual structure. In this paper, we put forward the notion of triaxiality of human settlements, and used the standards conversion entropy weight method to measure and calculate degrees of livability of human settlements, so as to prove the existence of triaxia...

Rapid urbanization on the coast of China has attracted much attention. The objective of this study was to explore the differences in dynamics and related driving forces between urban and rural settlements. Applying the quantitative method, we demonstrate that substantial heterogeneity in settlement growth, landscape pattern metrics, change, land sources and driving forces is exhibited across th...

Man-made habitats in central Europe can be broadly divided into arable land with weed vegetation, and settlements and their surroundings, harbouring ruderal vegetation. The former is a predictable environment with frequent, regular and large-scale disturbances, while the latter is an unpredictable environment with irregular disturbances of varying spatial extent producing heterogeneous mosaics ...

The mapping of squatter settlements has been a difficult task for geographers (Manoj, 2008). This is due to the dynamic nature of the settlement and the organic growth that these types of settlements take on (Brian, and Ranvinder, 1995). It has proven extremely difficult to accurately map individual households in these settlements and even boundary discernment can be difficult. These issues of ...