prerequisite for embrace of islam is acceptance of faith principles such as monotheism, prophecy, existence in the hereafter and in the shiite religion background, faith to two other principles, justice and pontificate. therefore, knowledge and certainty are criterion and imitative acceptance of these principles is not correct. for believer human, islam has determined practical programs that na...

This paper investigates the ways in which terrorism is linked to education and poverty using data newly culled from Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ) documentary sources. The paper presents a statistical analysis of the determinants of participation in terrorist activities by members of the Hamas and PIJ between the late 1980s and May 2002. The resulting evidence suggests that both high...

the understanding of the basics and principles of inference of islamic jurisprudence- specially shi'a jurisprudence- is founded on studying the several and different titles. one of these is the reasonable principles and evidences of that's inference - based upon shi'a viewpoint. a part of them is quality and kinds of reasonable reasonings and this article contains considering the...

The increasing potential to combine devices with different capabilities and purposes leads to new security issues. Traditional security prescribes what has to be prohibited and is thus too inflexible to cope with a constantly changing context. In this paper, we propose an alternative approach to formulating security policies in UbiComp based on the notion of commandments. In essence, commandmen...

ijtihad, jurisprudence in religion and imitation that is fojiowing a just religious leader in divine commandments, are fundamental issues in islamic society and are necessary for continuation of divine religion. this article turns to understanding the conception, necessity, beginning and evolution of ijtihad and imitation (taqlid), if s rational and traditional reasons using quran, and also ref...

Reflections on advances and retreats in biochemistry have, over the years, generated several maxims. The late Efraim Racker’s ‘don’t waste clean thinking on dirty enzymes’ has been one of the most durable. On the occasion of a lecture in Jerusalem a decade ago, I framed a list of the ten ‘best’ maxims as ‘commandments’, which were later published as a ‘Guest Commentary’ in the Journal of Bacter...

The Climate Group notes that energy consumption by ICT activities represented 2 % of global human activity in 2009 [1]. ICT is therefore a sector contributing both to natural resource depletion and to greenhouse gas emission. Moreover, ICT generates considerable quantities of electronic waste, it emits radio waves (including GSM and WiFi) that can adversely affect human and animal health, and i...

In contrast to the idea that the book of Deuteronomy is a legalistic refinement of Mosaic regulations, the structure of Deuteronomy suggests that it is designed to elucidate the broader morality behind each of Ten Commandments. The book, then, is an exposition of the spirit of the Commandments. The sweeping implications of the decalogue oblige the individual to a lifestyle of moral conduct that...