majority of practical terms in ophthalmology were compiled firstly in muslims` medical dictionary. anatomical and pathological terms such as retina and cataract were improved in this lexicon. mohammad ghazi, in journal of azziae, has considered ophthalmology as an innovation which was firstly introduced by muslim arabs. their attempts promoted this science and retained it the best for a long ti...

studying the prominent iranian-islamic scientific texts of middle ages in the field of ophthalmology may play a role in recognizing the science of traditional ophthalmology and its crucial diagnostic and therapeutic points. the most important and reliable resources in the context of ophthalmology belong to iranian scientists. this study collects these references and provides their relative equi...

1Department of Ophthalmology, Valiaser Hospital; 2Nursing College, Birjand Medical University, Birjand, Islamic Republic of Iran. 3Department of Ophthalmology, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Islamic Republic of Iran. Received: 09/05/03; accepted: 20/10/03 ABSTRACT To investigate the possible relationship between hyperhomocysteinaemia and retinal vascular occlusion, we measured ...

1. Research Institute for Islamic and Complementary Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2. Dept. of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 3. Gastroenterology Section, Integrative Functional Gastroenterology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran 4. Dept. of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, S...

Imtiaz A. Chaudhry1, Yonca O. Arat2 and Waleed Al-Rashed3 1Senior Academic Consultant, Ophthalmic Plastic Reconstructive Surgeon Oculoplastic and Orbit Division, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh 2Department of Ophthalmology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin 3Senior Consultant Ophthalmologist, Division of Anterior Segment King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospit...

1. Molecular Medicine Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran 2. Dental Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 3. Orthodontic Department, Dental Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran 4. Molecular Immunology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 5. Nature of Gene Mutat...

This paper investigates the ways in which terrorism is linked to education and poverty using data newly culled from Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ) documentary sources. The paper presents a statistical analysis of the determinants of participation in terrorist activities by members of the Hamas and PIJ between the late 1980s and May 2002. The resulting evidence suggests that both high...

We aimed to determine the distribution of ophthalmic care providers and its correlation with health and socioeconomic status and health system indicators. Data were gathered from the Iran Medical Council and the Iranian Societies of Ophthalmology and Optometry. Concurrent indicators were collected from the Statistical Center of Iran and national studies. A population-adjusted number of combined...

Islamic Finance is more than an asset class – it is a way of life lived by 1.6 billion Muslims around the world. But its reach goes even further – non-Islamic countries, governments, and businesses, have all invested in or issued Islamic securities for one reason or another. With the ongoing push of globalization of trade and finance, Islamic financial flows, long a localized phenomenon, have b...