This study examined the effectiveness of Telegram social network on the writing performance of adult English as foreign language (EFL) learners at intermediate level. To achieve this, Oxford Quick Placement Test (2004) was administered to 46 EFL learners at Zaban-e No language institute in Talesh, Iran. Those who met the selection criterion, i.e., performed one standard deviation above and belo...

This study examined the effectiveness of Telegram social network on the writing performance of adult English as foreign language (EFL) learners at intermediate level. To achieve this, Oxford Quick Placement Test (2004) was administered to 46 EFL learners at Zaban-e No language institute in Talesh, Iran. Those who met the selection criterion, i.e., performed one standard deviation above and belo...

The  present  study  investigated  the  effects  of  three  methods  of  vocabulary  presentation,  i.e., picture,  song,  and  the  keyword  method  on  Iranian  EFL  learners'  vocabulary  recognition  and production.  The  participants  were  102  Iranian  lower-intermediate  EFL  learners  in  Zaban  Sara English language institute in Kermanshah. To make sure that they had no previous knowl...

Thesis acknowledgement is a written genre in which MA graduate students offer their gratitude to individuals, who have contributed to the completion of their study. The aim of the current study was to examine the thesis acknowledgements written by Iranian MA students in the field of Persian Language Teaching to Non-Persian Speakers (Amouzeshe Zaban e Farsi be Kharejian, AZFA) and TEFL in terms ...

Background: Iranian borage, Echium amoenum, is believed to improve reproduction according to folk medicine. Although E. amoenum distillate known as “Aragh Gav-zaban” is widely consumed as a safe and natural remedy, its possible effects on fertility have not yet been scientifically examined. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of borage distillate (BD) on reproductive parameters o...

•Interfacial halogen-halogen bonds are introduced in 2D/3D hybrid perovskite•Interfacial suppress phase separation•Mixed halogen perovskite devices achieve long-term operational stability Perovskite-silicon tandem photovoltaics represent the most promising next-generation photovoltaic technology and could revolutionize current silicon-based technology. However, lifetimes of perovskite-silicon s...