It is common to think of a "learner model" as a global description of a student's understanding of domain content. We propose a notion of learner model where the emphasis is on the modelling process rather than the global description. In this re-formulation there is no one single learner model in the traditional sense, but a virtual infinity of potential models, computed "just in time" about on...

This paper argues the widespread adoption of Just-in-Time (JIT) logistics provides a key to understanding the growth in the U.S. trade share. To do so, I develop a dynamic trade model based on the choice of the logistics technology used in a firm’s supply chain. The model’s predicted trade dynamics depend on how the set of firms using JIT with international suppliers changes over time. A numeri...

One of the important elements that have been playing a significant role in today’s global business operations is culture. An important dimension of cultural analysis has been added to its discussion of transferability of JIT/TQM to other countries ever since the Japanese management techniques, JIT and TQM, became popular throughout the world. This paper reviews the transferability of these popu...

During the 1980s various approaches to batch-type manufacturing environments were implemented. The most popular of these were MaterialRequirements Planning (MRP), ('JfOUP Technology (GT) and Just-In-Time (JIT). However few successful implementations of any of these approaches were achieved [1] [2] [3]. This paper compares the various approaches of GT, MRP, TIT along with the integrated approach...