The Visual Word Form Area (VWFA) is part of the left ventral visual stream that underlies the invariant identification of visual words. It remains debated whether this region is truly selective for words relative to common objects; why this particular part of the visual system is reproducibly engaged in reading; and whether reading expertise also relies on perceptual learning within earlier vis...

Many word-reading models assume that the early stages of reading involve a separate process of letter position encoding. However, neuropsychological evidence for the existence and selectivity of this function has been rather indirect, coming mainly from position preservation in migrations between words in attentional dyslexia, and from nonselective reading deficits. No pure demonstration of sel...

In a series of eight studies it is shown that the first peak in the horizontal autocorrelation of the image of a word (which captures the similarity in shape between the neighbouring strokes of letters) determines (i) the appearance of the words as striped; (ii) the speed with which the words are read, both aloud and silently; and (iii) the speed with which a paragraph of text can be searched. ...

AbstractIn the present study, attempt has been made to examine the effectiveness of peer and teacher scaffolding in reading comprehension of intermediate EFL students in symmetrical and asymmetrical groups. To do so, sixty intermediate students were purposively selected out of 150 intermediate students in Hamadan Islamic Azad University and Kish Language Institute in Hamadan. They were divided ...

Developing young children's vocabulary is essential for later reading success; thus, early childhood classrooms require a comprehensive approach that teaches academic vocabulary. Yet even providing children with child-friendly definitions of sophisticated words can be challenge. First, the authors outline components program children. Second, they review research evidence on importance direct in...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of an on-line Cumulative Sentence Analysis (CSA) instruction on university engineering students’ English reading comprehension. Within the framework of CSA instruction, the reading comprehension process can be divided into six steps: identifying finite verbs, finding key words, separating clauses, identifying subjects and main verbs, addi...

This article presents an approach to the automatic assessment of the oral reading fluency (ORF) of children in Spain who are learning to read English. We compared different acoustic modeling configurations and adaptation methods to determine the most accurate means of estimating reliable children’s oral reading fluency scores using the standard metric of words correct per minute (WCPM). We addr...

â  â  love and affection from jibran's point of view â  â  â  sadegh fathi dehkordi * â  â  abstract â  from the view point of jibran khalil jibran, affection is the law of life and the base of all things in the world. affection is one of the manifestations of god and it is a light extracted from other lights. real affection is endless .the human being cannot learn affection because it is ...