The causation of extroversion of the bladder, from an embryological point of view, has attracted of late little attention in this country, despite the able papers of Wood and of Champneys, and the more recent work of Kolliker, Graf Spee, Lieberkiihn, Tourneux, Retterer, Keibel, and others. In prosecuting a research on the morphology of the urinogenital tract, the question of extroversion of the...

On the evening of 8 November 1895, ous potential applicability to medical diWilhelm Conrad Rontgen immediately agnosis (2). recognized a remarkable new phenomOn_.zJJ~nu~ry, at his first and only enon. Fluorescent material lying on a public lecture on the discovery, Rontgen bench some distance from the cathode made an x-ray picture of the hand of Dr. ray tube with which he was experimentAlbert v...

JosEPH LIsmR's research on the neural control of the calibre of smaller blood-vessels was informed by two important, though unrelated discoveries, which had been engaging his attention for some time before his first surgical appointment in Edinburgh.1 These were the discoveries of (1) plain muscle-fibre, which had been observed and minutely described by Albert K6lliker, and (2) syndromes in the...

introduction: several supra spinal areas such as rostral ventrolateral medulla (rvlm) area are involved in basic cardiovascular regulation. the kolliker— fuse nucleus (kf) is located in pons and is heavily connected with rvlm. the cardiovascular effect of kf nucleus has been shown and it is suggested that kf is involved in sympathetic vasomotor tone and basic cardiovascular regulation. therefor...

asomotor tone is a partial contraction for vascular blood vessels under resting condition which allows the central nervous system to respond to several challenges such as hemorrhage, exercise and changes in position (Dampney, Horiuchi, & Tagawa, 2003). The autonomic nervous system, especially the sympathetic nervous system has critical effect on vasomotor tone and heart rate. Sympathetic system...

As a laboratory procedure the electrocardiogram (ECG) is unique, having been in continuous and ever increasing use since its introduction nearly 90 years ago by Willem Einthoven. Some would suggest that, conservatively speaking, a volume of approximately 100 million ECGs recorded annually at a cost approaching $5 billion attests to the importance of the procedure. Others would point to the capa...

It is well known that Carl Schmidtf was tlie first to discover in tlie Ascidian the presence of a principle previously known to exist only in plants, viz. cellulose, and to show that it was a constituent of the animal tissue. The researches of Kolliker and Lowig, j of Scliacht,? and of Huxley || have established this important fact. The occurrence of this substance, however, was limited to a co...