We examine the e¤ect of US branch banking deregulations on the entry size of new …rms using micro-data from the US Census Bureau. We …nd that the average entry size for startups did not change following the deregulations. However, among …rms that survived at least four years, a greater proportion of …rms entered either at their maximum size or closer to the maximum size in the …rst year. The ma...

We had 18 patients (15 males and 3 females) with lethal midline granuloma (polymorphic reticulosis) in the period from 1981 to 1990. This number was about 5.6% of the total number of patients with malignant head and neck tumors that we encountered during this period. An average of 9.1 months separated the first appearance of disease and the beginning of treatment. Most of the 18 patients underw...

The Demand for, and Consequences of, Formalization among Informal Firms in Sri Lanka The majority of firms in most developing countries are informal. We conducted a field experiment in Sri Lanka which provided incentives for informal firms to formalize. Offering only information about the registration process and reimbursement for direct registration costs had no impact on formalization. Adding...

CD20 is expressed in most B-cell lymphomas and is a critical molecular target of rituximab. Some B-cell lymphomas show aberrant CD20 expression, and rituximab use in these patients is controversial. Here we show both the molecular mechanisms and the clinical significance of de novo diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL) that show a CD20 immunohistochemistry (IHC)-positive and flow cytometry (FC...

Because the spleen is likely to play a specific role in immunity, we have tried to observe the influence of the abdominal neoplasms on splenic lymphoid tissue as well as the distribution and localization of immunoregulatory cells with a special attention to the marginal zone, using splenectomy specimens in the various kinds of 121 abdominal neoplasm patients. As a control group, twenty-six sple...

This paper uses SSBF data to better understand how the owners of small firms use decisions about legal organization, firm size, capital structure, and owner investment in the firm to manage firm risk. The main findings are: Firms with unlimited liability are smaller, both when measured by assets and number of employees, and tend to be less leveraged than those whose owners limit their personal ...

The gender gap in entrepreneurship is well-documented. Firms founded by females raise significantly less start-up capital, which hurts their chances of success. There is empirical evidence that the gap can be partially explained by factors in the financial industry and by female entrepreneurs’ preferences for particular types of financing. A new method of acquiring startup capital, equity crowd...

It’s the Opportunity Cost, Stupid! How Self-Employment Responds to Financial Incentives of Return, Risk and Skew There is no robust empirical support for the effect of financial incentives on the decision to work in self-employment rather than as a wage earner. In the literature, this is seen as a puzzle. We offer a focus on the opportunity cost, i.e. the wages given up as an employee. Informat...