This article aims at investigating how isiZulu speakers residing in Soshanguve report on the use of their ethnic language, isiZulu, and to outcomes confirm language continues be powerfully maintained Soshanguve. Today South Africa, there are numerous studies that have investigated role English as a dominant language. Other awareness is an extensive shift from using native languages English. The...

this paper presents a new bridge management system (j-bms). it is integrated with a concrete bridge rating expert system that can be used to evaluate the serviceability of existing concrete bridges. the proposed j-bms not only evaluates the performance of bridges, but also offers a rehabilitation strategy based on a combination of maintenance cost minimization and quality maximization. in this ...