Proliferative lesions in the livers of mice treated 18 months previously with cisplatin Sir-Cis-diammine-dichloroplatinum II ('cisplatin') is a widely used cytotoxic agent that is known to cause long-term renal insufficiency. Bulger and Dobyan (1984) and Dobyan (1985) have reported hyperplastic lesions in the kidneys of rats treated 6 and 15 months previously with a single intraperitoneal dose ...

The global descriptors of chemical activity: ionization potential IP, electron affinity EA, ?, absolute electronegativity ?, molecular hardness ? and softness S, electrophilicity index ? for cyanides X(CN)k with X=H, Na, K, Ag, Cu, Ca, Hg, Cd, Zn in the gas phase water medium have been determined by taking advantage quantum-chemical computations. To this aim, HOMO LUMO energy levels were calcul...

Dear Editor, Acute toxicity of a drug can be determined by the calculation of LD50, i.e., the dose that will kill 50% of animals of a particular species. Recently, we reported the LD50 of thymoquinone, an active principle of Nigella sativa, in mice and rats by the method described by Miller and Tainter, 1944. Since then some post-graduate students and investigators have asked us to explain the ...

An adequate assessment of scorpion and snake venom LD50 is an important step for accurate evaluation of antivenom sera potencies and the optimization of serotherapy. The LD50 variation of Tunisian scorpion (Androctonus australis garzonii: Aag and Buthus occitanus tunetanus: Bot) venoms with body weight, sex and strain (Swiss or C57BI/6) of mice used, the route of venom injection, the venom-milk...

Since the discovery of penicillin, Penicillium has become one of the most attractive fungal genera for the production of bioactive molecules. Marine-derived Penicillium has provided numerous excellent pharmaceutical leads over the past decades. In this review, we focused on the cytotoxic metabolites * (* Cytotoxic potency was referred to five different levels in this review, extraordinary (IC50...

Analysis of pollen trapped from honey bees as they return to their hives provides a method of monitoring fluctuations in one route of pesticide exposure over location and time. We collected pollen from apiaries in five locations in Connecticut, including urban, rural, and mixed agricultural sites, for periods from two to five years. Pollen was analyzed for pesticide residues using a standard ex...