with an occurrence of 7%, appendicitis is one of the most common abdominal emergencies requiring surgery. since the variation in positions and length of the appendix may produce varying symptoms and signs which mimic other diseases, having knowledge of the variations in the position of the appendix is of significant importance. here, we present a 77-year-old man with acute appendicitis presenti...

stress-induced cardiomyopathy or takotsubo cardiomyopathy is a recently increasing diagnosed disease manifested by transient apical or mid left ventricular dilation and dysfunction. this sign is similar to acute myocardial infarction but without significant coronary artery stenosis. there are important and essential differences between takotsubo cardiomyopathy and acute myocardial infarction in...

Congenital defects of the pericardium are considered rare. Until 1979 , the reported cases were only about 200.1 Total absence of the left pericardium is the most common defect2 and less common is a partial defect of the left pericardium. Other types, i.e. isolated right-sided defects, total pericardial absence and diaphragmatic pericardial defects are very rare.3 Before the last decade, t...

origination of the right coronary artery (rca) from the left anterior descending (lad) artery is a case of single coronary artery. it is an extremely rare coronary artery abnormality and usually an incidental finding during coronary angiography. a 73-year-old man with a medical history of hypertension arrived with chest pain. medical therapy started for st elevated myocardial ischemia. during h...

congenital defects of the pericardium are considered rare. until 1979 , the reported cases were only about 200.1 total absence of the left pericardium is the most common defect2 and less common is a partial defect of the left pericardium. other types, i.e. isolated right-sided defects, total pericardial absence and diaphragmatic pericardial defects are very rare.3 before the last decade, the di...

background: diagnosis of kidney scar could prevent vesico urethral reflax and its complications such as hypertension and renal failure. this study was conducted to determine average kidney length and volume in infants by sonography to accurate diagnosis of scars. methods: this study was conducted on infants with the history of uti who referred to imam reza hospital, kermanshah iran, for dmsa sc...

introduction left atrial thrombi are present in one third of patients with severe rheumatic mitral stenosis and atrial fibrillation. a left atrial mass can be diagnosed as a thrombus by transthoracic echocardiography in the presence of the predisposing factors for a thrombus such as mitral stenosis and atrial fibrillation. the sensitivity of transthoracic echocardiography for detecting left atr...