in this study, undoped zno and doped with fe and mn nanostructures were synthesized by hydrothermal method. the morphology of nanostructures was characterized by scanning electron microscope. the electrochemical response of the carbon paste electrode modified with nanoparticles of zno and also zno doped with fe and mn toward levodopa (l-dopa) was studied. studies of cyclic voltammetry using pro...

BACKGROUND: Betaine has been shown to be antioxidantand methyl donor effects in our recent studies. OBJECTIVES: Inthe present study, the antioxidant and methyl donor properties ofbetaine in levodopa/benserazide-mediated hyperhomocysteinemiaand levodopa-induced oxidative stress in rat's kidney wereexamined. METHODS: Sprague-Dawley male rats were dividedinto levodopa (LD), Betaine (Bet.), levodop...

Objective(s): The aim of the present study was to evaluate antioxidant and methyl donor effects of betaine in cerebellum following levodopa and benserazide administration in rats. Materials and Methods: Sprague-Dawley male rats were treated with levodopa (LD), betaine (Bet), levodopa plus betaine (LD/Bet), levodopa plus benserazide (LD/Ben), levodopa plus betaine-benserazide (LD/Bet-Ben), and t...

OBJECTIVES Levodopa is the most effective therapy for treating Parkinson's disease (PD); however, side effects such as dyskinesias and motor fluctuations may occur after some years of its usage. The aims of this study were to assess the frequency of and factors associated with motor complications among PD patients on levodopa treatment. METHODS In a cross-sectional study carried out in 2010-2...

background: betaine has been shown to be antioxidantand methyl donor effects in our recent studies. objectives: inthe present study, the antioxidant and methyl donor properties ofbetaine in levodopa/benserazide-mediated hyperhomocysteinemiaand levodopa-induced oxidative stress in rat's kidney wereexamined. methods: sprague-dawley male rats were dividedinto levodopa (ld), betaine (bet.), levodop...

BACKGROUND Postural stability analysis has shown that postural control is impaired in untreated idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD), even in the early stages of the disease. Vascular Parkinson's disease (VPD) lacks consensus clinical criteria or diagnostic tests. Moreover, the levodopa effect on postural balance remains undefined for IPD and even less so for VPD. OBJECTIVE To characterize po...

BACKGROUND Dopa responsive dystonia is characterized by progressive disabling dystonia, diurnal variation and a dramatic response to Levodopa. CASE CHARACTERISTICS Two siblings presented with regression of motor milestones and hypertonia in lower limbs. History of diurnal variation was present in elder sibling. OUTCOME Both responded dramatically to Levodopa. The genomic DNA analysis of eld...

Levedopa was sensitively determined based on electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) mechanism through enhancing the weak ECL of electro-oxidized luminal in presence of levodopa, on a multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)-modified electrode. Under optimal conditions, the relative ECL emission/levodopa concentration plot was found to be linear from 1.0×10-9 to 1.7×10-7 M and a detection limit of ...