A product life cycle is the life span of a product in which the period begins with the initial product specification and ends with the withdrawal from the market of both the product and its support. A product life cycle can be divided into several stages characterized by the revenue generated by the product. This study investigates inventory control policies in a manufacturing system for a si...

This paper introduces a novel bio-inspired meta-heuristic optimization algorithm, named termite life cycle optimizer (TLCO), which is based both on the of colony and modulation movement strategies used by many animal species in nature. Termite colonies are comprised three distinct castes: workers, soldiers reproductive termites. Each caste undertakes set specific tasks that ensure growth surviv...

There are four forms of hydatid disease. Echinococcus granulosus (EG) is the most common and gives rise to cystic hydatid disease (CHD), which is the focus of this review. Echinococcus multilocularis is uncommon and causes alveolar hydatid disease (AHD), which is far more aggressive and frequently mimics malignancy. The rarest clinical form is Echinococcus vogeli or polycystic hydatid disease (...