This paper gives an overview of recently developed frequency domain measurement and modelling techniques for non-linear microwave components. The system architecture and measurement capabilities of the Hewlett-Packard “Nonlinear Network Measurement System” are described. Three modelling techniques, based on the new instrument measurement data, are discussed: empirical models, statespace models ...

This paper gives an overview of recently developed frequency domain measurement and modelling techniques for non-linear microwave components. The system architecture and measurement capabilities of the Hewlett-Packard “Nonlinear Network Measurement System” are described. Three modelling techniques, based on the new instrument measurement data, are discussed: empirical models, statespace models ...

ABSTRACT- The evaluation of leaf area and leaf nutritional value is important for crop growth modeling and estimations of its performance. The purpose of this study was to use image processing techniques to develop an economical method to ease the assessment of nutrient status and leaf area (LA) of plants and to compare the outcomes of this method with linear models. Leaf area and leaf chloroph...

Surface temperature is an important parameter in clinical diagnosis, equipment state control, and environmental monitoring fields. The Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) temperature sensor possesses numerous significant advantages over conventional electrical sensors, thus it is an ideal choice to achieve high-accuracy surface temperature measurements. However, the effects of the ambient temperature and...

Industrial organizations are complex systems` where the interactions among the various functions such as Sales, Distribution, Manufacturing, Materials, Finance, Human Resources and Maintenance have to be man-aged towards a common purpose of delivering the customers satisfaction. However, since most of these or-ganizations have a `Functional Structure`, each function or department works towards ...

The consistency of the species abundance distribution across diverse communities has attracted widespread attention. In this paper, I argue that the consistency of pattern arises because diverse ecological mechanisms share a common symmetry with regard to measurement scale. By symmetry, I mean that different ecological processes preserve the same measure of information and lose all other inform...

background: monte carlo (mc) modeling of a linear accelerator is a prerequisite for monte carlo dose calculations in external beam radiotherapy. in this study, a simple and efficient model was developed for elekta sl-25 linear accelerator using mcnp4c monte carlo code materials and methods: the head of elekta sl-25 linac was simulated for 6 and 18 mv photon beams using mcnp4c mc code. energy sp...

objective(s): in this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of thyroid volume measurement using 99mtc pertechnetate single-photon emission computed tomography (spect) images, acquired by the standardized uptake value (suv)-shape scheme designed by our expert team.methods: a total of 18 consecutive patients with graves’ disease (gd) were subjected to both ultrasonographic and 99mtc pertechnet...