multiple sclerosis (ms) is a complex disease resulting from the occurrence of intermingled episodes of neuro-inflammation and degeneration. the temporal and spatial patterns in which these events occur are not well understood as well as the molecular substrates underlying it. myelin loss and gain, as well as axonal damage are considered crucial events influencing the course of the disease but t...

Locomotor deficits frequently accompany aging in animals. These deficits are often caused by degeneration in the nervous and musculoskeletal systems. Insects are an excellent model for age-related behavior studies because they are short-lived and have a reduced nervous system with fewer cells than vertebrates. Furthermore, they are highly mobile and display a complex set of locomotor behaviors....

Introduction: Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are a heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental disorders that are defined with a wide range of behavioral impairments including social and communication deficits. Apart from these core symptoms, a significant number of ASD individuals display higher levels of anxiety. The present study is designed to understand the antioxidant efficacy of hesperetin...

Angelman syndrome (AS) is a severe neurological disorder that is associated with prominent movement and balance impairments that are widely considered to be due to defects of cerebellar origin. Here, using the cerebellar-specific vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) paradigm, we determined that cerebellar function is only mildly impaired in the Ube3am-/p+ mouse model of AS. VOR phase-reversal learning...

introduction: autism spectrum disorders (asd) are a heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental disorders that are defined with a wide range of behavioral impairments including social and communication deficits. apart from these core symptoms, a significant number of asd individuals display higher levels of anxiety. the present study is designed to understand the antioxidant efficacy of hesperetin...

In vertebrates, dopamine neurons are classically known to modulate locomotion via their ascending projections to the basal ganglia that project to brainstem locomotor networks. An increased dopaminergic tone is associated with increase in locomotor activity. In pathological conditions where dopamine cells are lost, such as in Parkinson's disease, locomotor deficits are traditionally associated ...

Significance Injury to the cerebellum during late fetal and early postnatal life is associated with long-term motor cognitive deficits. It thought that injury at this stage of development results in delayed maturation neural circuitry, causing altered behavior later stages. This study identifies basis locomotor learning deficits using a clinically relevant model neonatal brain injury. By combin...

The objective of this study was to establish a rodent model of vascular dementia that showed long-term cognitive and neuropsychological deficits, and to correlate those behavioral deficits with the patterns of ischemic lesions, thus providing a platform for future testing of potential therapeutic agents. In Mongolian gerbils, either 5-minute single bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (SBC...

Recent data indicate that dorsal hippocampal (DH) lesions disrupt Pavlovian fear conditioning to contextual cues in rats. In the present study, we examined the effects of electrolytic lesions of the fimbria/fornix (FX) or entorhinal cortex (EC), the primary afferent projection systems to the DH, on contextual fear conditioning in rats. Conditioning consisted of the delivery of unsignaled footsh...