Designing the supply chain network is one of significant areas in e-commerce business management. This concept plays a crucial role systems. For example, location-inventory-pricing-routing an considered issue this field. field established many severe challenges modern world, like maintaining for returned items, preserving customers’ trust and satisfaction, developing applicable with cost consid...

Closed-loop supply chains (CLSC) are gaining popularity due to their efficiency in addressing economic, environmental, and social concerns. An important point ponder the distribution of CLSC is that imperfect refrigeration bad road conditions may result product non-conformance during transit thus such products be returned node. This hinder level customer satisfaction. paper presents a sustainab...

Nowadays, the design of a strategic supply chain network under the incidence of disruption is regarded as one of the important priorities of governments. Supplying sustainable petrochemical products is considered as a strategic goal by managers who require reliable infrastructure design. Crisis conditions such as natural disasters and sanctions have a destructive effect on the raw materials and...

International laws and increasing consumer awareness have led to drastic changes in traditional supply chain network designs. Moreover, because of environmental social requirements, networks changed sustainable networks. On the other hand, reverse logistics can be effective terms economic aspects, so design as a closed loop is necessary. In addition, customers demand for different products with...

in this study, an optimization model is proposed to design a global supply chain (gsc) for a medical device manufacturer under disruption in the presence of pre-existing competitors and price inelasticity of demand. therefore, static competition between the distributors’ facilities to more efficiently gain a further share in market of economic cooperation organization trade agreement (ecota) is...