background: macrophage immune responses are affected by the secretory proteins of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb). this study aimed to examine the immune responses of macrophages to mtb secretory antigens, namely esat-6, cfp-10, and esat-6/cfp-10. methods: thp-1 cells (a human monocytic cell line) were cultured and differentiated to macrophages by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate. the cytotoxic...

many species of tea (camellia sinensis) and cowslip (echium amoenum) are used in iranian traditional medicine. the aim of this study was to conduct the survey on the ability of iranian black tea and cowslip extracts on secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) by non-infected and infected mouse macrophages. a macrophage infection model with legionella pneumophila and enzyme linked im...

The binding of human fibrinogen degradation fragments D1, E, X, and Y, as well as fibrin fragment D1 dimer, to mouse peritoneal macrophages was examined. A Scatchard plot of fragment D1 binding was biphasic, suggesting two classes of receptors. Fragments D1, D1 dimer, X, and Y in low concentrations bound to macrophages with high affinity (Kd = 23 to 73 X 10(-11) mol/L). Fragment E bound specifi...

The main line of defense that exists to eliminate foreign agents falls on phagocytic cells (neutrophils, dendritic cell, and macrophages), it does so through phagocytosis, a complex cellular mechanism occurs after the recognition binding ligand by receptors. Macrophages are part diverse lineage innate immune cells. Once macrophage receptor binds its ligand, coordinated intracellular signaling c...

Introduction: Based on human studies, inequality and social injustice have adverse effects on the individual and community health. In this study, the effects of food intake inequality and social status changes on pain perception and immunological factors were investigated in Balb/C mice. Methods: The present study was conducted by implementing different social stresses including food depriva...

Inflammation is necessary for immune defense against pathogens and a functional antitumor response, but chronic inflammation promotes tumor growth enables tumors to escape from immune-mediated destruction. Recently, we others demonstrated that deficiency of IL1β strongly favors immunity, multiple clinical trials involving antibody mediated blockade in cancers are underway. The mechanism, howeve...

Taniguchi et al . (Research Articles, 17 July 2020, p. 269) claim that the cytokine interleukin-33 induces accumulation of tumor-associated macrophages expressing immunoglobulin E receptor FcεRI. Although these findings hold great therapeutic promise, we provide evidence anti-FcεRI antibody used in this study is not specific for FcεRI on macrophages, which raises concerns about validity some co...

Mycobacterium aviumsubspecies paratuberculosis (MAP), as an obligate intracellular bacterium, causes paratuberculosis (Johne’s disease) in ruminants. Plus, MAP has consistently been isolated from Crohn’s disease (CD) lesions in humans; a notion implying possible direct causative ...