stability and safety analysis of dams is a subject which has been studied in recent years by several researchers. researchers have used various methods and models for studying the stability of the dam. several methods are proposed for the analysis of earth dams under earthquakes. some of these methods are viscoelastic methods and semi static methods. each of these methods can be used as an appr...

differences between stress-based and strain-based criteria are investigated in seismic performance evaluation of the arch dams in time domain. a numerical model of the coupled dam-reservoir-foundation system is prepared with the finite element technique. reservoir is modeled using the eulerian approach as a compressible domain, and the foundation rock is assumed to be massless. dynamic equilibr...

Differences between stress-based and strain-based criteria are investigated in seismic performance evaluation of the arch dams in time domain. A numerical model of the coupled dam-reservoir-foundation system is prepared with the finite element technique. Reservoir is modeled using the Eulerian approach as a compressible domain, and the foundation rock is assumed to be massless. Dynamic equilibr...

We show for the case of interacting massless vector bosons, how the structure of YangMills theories emerges automatically from a more fundamental concept, namely perturbative quantum gauge invariance. It turns out that the coupling in a non-abelian gauge theory is necessarily of Yang-Mills type plus divergenceand coboundary couplings. The extension of the method to massive gauge theories is bri...

From the modern viewpoint and by the geometric method, this paper provides a concise foundation for the quantum theory of massless spin-3/2 field in Minkowski spacetime, which includes both the one-particle’s quantum mechanics and the many-particle’s quantum field theory. The explicit result presented here is useful for the investigation of spin-3/2 field in various circumstances such as superg...

We point out a generic problem in string-inspired supergravity models with an anomalous U(1)X . A large number of matter multiplets charged under U(1)X remain massless above the supersymmetrybreaking scale because of degeneracy of vacua solving the D-flatness conditions. A toy model is analyzed as an illustration of the mechanism; we find the surprising result that many scalars remain massless ...

It has been argued that the superpotential can be renormalized in the presence of massless particles. Possible implications which have been considered include the restoration of supersymmetry at higher loops or a shift to a supersymmetric vacuum state. We argue that even in the presence of massless particles, there are no new contributions to the superpotential at any order in perturbation theo...

We examine constraints on a simple neutrino model in which there are three massless and three massive Dirac neutrinos and in which the left handed neutrinos are linear combinations of doublet and singlet neutrinos. We examine constraints from direct decays into heavy neutrinos, indirect effects on electroweak parameters, and flavor changing processes. We combine these constraints to examine the...

We show that the string tension in N = 1 two-dimensional super Yang-Mills theory vanishes independently of the representation of the quark anti-quark external source. We argue that this result persists in SQCD2 and in two-dimensional gauge theories with extended supersymmetry or in chiral invariant models with at least one massless dynamical fermion. We also compute the string tension for the m...