Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) commonly coexists with intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS). Previous studies have tried to evaluate the relationship between ICAS and CSVD; however, they yielded varied conclusions. Furthermore, methodology of these is not very rigorous, as evaluated association CSVD bilateral hemispheres rather than affected hemisphere. Unilateral middle cerebral a...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The importance of mouse stroke models has increased with the development of genetically manipulated animals. We hypothesized that immediate postischemia hypothermia may attenuate ischemic brain injury in the mouse. METHODS Intraabdominal radio frequency probes were implanted in animals and core temperature monitored. Groups included: MCAO-45-REG (45 minutes middle cereb...

Abstract Background Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) plays an important role in mediating inflammatory responses during ischemic stroke. Bile acid Takeda-G-protein-receptor-5 (TGR5) has been identified as component regulating brain responses. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of TGR5 alleviating neuroinflammation after ...

This study aimed to determine the effect of liraglutide pretreatment and to elucidate the mechanism of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling after focal cerebral ischemia injury in diabetic rats model. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the sham-operated (S) group, diabetes mellitus ischemia (DM + MCAO) group, liraglutide pretr...

We investigated changes in PA levels by the treatment of human bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) in ischemic stroke in rat brain model and in cultured neuronal SH-SY5Y cells exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). In ischemic rat model, transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) was performed for 2 h, followed by intravenous transplantation of hBM-MSCs or phospha...

PURPOSE This study was done to identify whether pre-conditioning exercise has neuroprotective effects against cerebral ischemia, through enhance brain microvascular integrity. METHODS Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: 1) Normal (n=10); 2) Exercise (n=10); 3) Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo), n=10); 4) Exercise+MCAo (n=10). Both exercise groups ran o...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Despite standardization of experimental stroke models, final infarct sizes after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) vary considerably. This introduces uncertainties in the evaluation of drug effects on stroke. Magnetic resonance imaging may detect variability of surgically induced ischemia before treatment and thus improve treatment effect evaluation. METHODS MCAO ...

The Gemini Observatory is planning to implement a Multi Conjugate Adaptive Optics System as a facility instrument for the Gemini-South telescope. The system will include 5 Laser Guide Stars, 3 Natural Guide Stars, and 3 Deformable mirrors optically conjugated at different altitudes to achieve near-uniform atmospheric compensation over a 1 arc minute square field of view. The control of such a s...

[Purpose] Although previous studies have demonstrated several effects of sesamol on neurological diseases, its effects on ischemic stroke are unclear. We evaluated the direct effects of sesamol on infarcts and efficacy in terms of functional improvement in rats with transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). [Subjects and Methods] Male Sprague Dawley rats (n = 30) were randomly divided ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Cell therapy with bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) improves functional recovery after stroke in nondiabetic rats. However, its effect on diabetics with stroke is unknown. This study investigated the effect of BMSCs on stroke outcome in Type 1 diabetic (T1DM) rats. METHODS T1DM was induced in adult male Wistar rats by injecting streptozotocin. Nondiabetic and T1DM rats ...