introduction: knee joint osteoarthritis is one of the most prevalent musculoskeletal problems in adult population, which cause pain and functional limitations. involvement of medial compartment is almost 10 times more common than lateral compartment, which results in varus deformity among patients with medial compartment osteoarthritis of knee joint. main objectives in the treatment of knee joi...

Purpose: high tibial osteotomy (HTO) is a recommended treatment for medial compartment knee osteoarthritis. Newer cartilage regenerative procedures may add benefits to the result of HTO. In this prospective study we investigate safety and also results of HTO associated with bone marrow derived cells (BMDC) transplantation in relatively young and middle aged active individuals with early osteoar...

BACKGROUND Medial knee osteoarthritis (OA) typically occurs with excessive mechanical load within the medial compartment, resulting in degeneration of the articular cartilage. PURPOSE A novel extracapsular implant (Latella Knee Implant) has been developed to unload the medial compartment of the knee. The implant displaces the iliotibial band (ITB) over the lateral femoral condyle, thereby inc...

Surgical reattachment of medial meniscus posterior root tear (MMPRT) with transtibial sutures can delay the presenceof medial knee joint compartment osteoarthritis. Most suture configurations are placed five mm away from the tornmargin in the meniscal substance which is already degenerated and may decrease the pull out strengths of repairconstruct. The number of meniscus penet...

Vertical fusional vergence (VFV) normally compensates for slight vertical heterophorias. We employed magnetic resonance imaging to clarify extraocular muscle contributions to VFV induced by monocular two-prism diopter (1.15°) base-up prism in 14 normal adults. Fusion during prism viewing requires monocular infraduction. Scans were repeated without prism, and with prism shifted contralaterally. ...

BACKGROUND The amount of medial compartment opening for medial knee injuries determined by valgus stress radiography has not been well documented. The purpose of this study was to develop clinical guidelines for diagnosing medial knee injuries using valgus stress radiography. HYPOTHESIS Measurements of medial compartment gapping can accurately differentiate between normal and injured medial s...

All fifteen subjects demonstrated no separation (bone-on-bone) of their medial compartment, at heel-strike, without the assistance of an offloading device. While using a lateral HWI, medial compartment separation could only be detected in 5/15 subjects (33%), but 12/15 subjects (80%) felt pain relief of their osteoarthritic knee at heel-strike. While wearing an osteoarthritic offloading knee br...

Background: The effect of high tibial osteotomy (HTO) on the stress distribution across knee joint is not completely understood. Subchondral bone density considered to reflect pattern a surface. Purpose: To assess subchondral proximal tibia in nonarthritic knees and patients with osteoarthritis (OA) before after HTO. Study Design: Cohort study; Level evidence, 3. Methods: We retrospectively col...