We examined the contents of language-mediated prediction in toddlers by investigating the extent to which toddlers are sensitive to visual shape representations of upcoming words. Previous studies with adults suggest limits to the degree to which information about the visual form of a referent is predicted during language comprehension in low constraint sentences. Toddlers (30-month-olds) heard...

Caffeine, a purine alkaloid, is a key component of many popular drinks, most notably tea and coffee, yet most plant scientists know little about its biochemistry and molecular biology. A gene from tea leaves encoding caffeine synthase, an N-methyltransferase that catalyses the last two steps of caffeine biosynthesis, has been cloned and the recombinant enzyme produced in E. coli. Similar genes ...

BACKGROUND Tobacco is a highly addictive substance. Tobacco usage is considered one of the main causes responsible for the death of adults worldwide, with 4.9 million deaths occurring worldwide each year. And if the current tobacco usage patterns continue, it will cause some 10 million deaths every year by 2020. MATERIALS AND METHODS A descriptive study was carried out among 566 prisoners of ...

Abstract: In this paper, we investigated relationships between the Fibonacci, Lucas, Padovan numbers and 1-factors of some bipartite graphs with upper Hessenberg adjacency matrix. We calculated permanent of these upper Hessenberg matrices by contraction method and show that their permanents are equal to elements of the Fibonacci, Lucas and Padovan numbers. At the end of the paper, we give some ...